X-Bar
The "core" component of any phrase is known as this.
V to T
languages without an overt subject are known as this kind of language
null subject language
Languages differ in terms of whether or not they mark the future morphologically. Which option is most common?
no marking
"states" and "activities" refer to this kind of aspect?
lexical aspect
An element that is optional is known as this.
an adjunct
dummy do
English drops subjects in restricted circumstances. What is this kind of omission referred to as?
diary-drop
Japanese has forms like tabe-ru for "eat/will eat" and tabe-ta for "ate". What is the tense distinction in this language?
past vs. non-past
English encodes perfect aspect via this construction.
have + past participle
the subject of a sentence is found in this location (in x-bar terms)
Spec, TP
languages in which the main verb remains in VP are said to have this parameter setting
tense-lowering
a trace
Chinese relies on what kind of marking to indicate time?
aspectual marking
wh-movement is known as an example of this type of movement (technical term)?
A-bar movement
languages with the head to the left of the complement are known as what kind of language?
head-initial
languages that mark the passive voice directly on the verb are said to have this kind of passive
synthetic
In the sentence, You walk in the park, how do we represent the agreement with the subject?
null morpheme for 2sg
across languages that encode tense and aspect as separate markers, what order do we find these in?
aspect then tense
In Mende, a phrase like "mahei ha-ngo" (the chief is dead) there is a special marker (ngo) to indicate this kind of aspect.
stative
passives involve this kind of movement (technical term)?
A-movement
when a verb reflects the features of the subject in Spec TP, what is this known as?
spec-head agreement
Languages like English, French, and Chinese all have different settings for the type of wh-movement. What are those settings (technical terms)?
overt, both, covert
languages with multiple wh-words moving to CP follow this general principle to determine order?
attract closest
Name two diagnostics we have to determine if a language has V-to-T movement.
wh-question formation, placement of adverbs