Luther and Theses
The year Martin Luther posted his 95 Theses.
What is 1517?
The belief in the importance of the individual that characterized the Renaissance era.
What is individualism?
The artistic technique rediscovered during the Renaissance that shows three dimensions on a flat surface, often utilizing a vanishing point.
What is perspective?
The phenomenon where population loss raised wages and shifted outlooks toward secular, human-centered views, shaping Renaissance culture.
What is the Black Death (or bubonic plague)?
The German craftsman who developed the movable-type printing press around 1440.
Who is Johann Gutenberg?
The unacceptable practice of selling pardons for sins that led Luther to write the 95 Theses.
What are indulgences?
The difference in the basic spirit of Renaissance society compared to the medieval era, focusing on worldly things rather than spiritual matters.
What is secularism (or worldly)?
The Florentine banking family that sponsored artists and thinkers, with Cosimo and Lorenzo being prominent members.
Who are the Medici family?
The weakening of this institution due to schisms and corruption reduced its authority, opening space for secular and diverse perspectives that fueled the Renaissance.
What is the Church (or Catholic Church)?
The major consequence of the printing press allowing books to be cheap enough for many people to buy them.
What is the increase in literacy rates? Or the spreading of knowledge/ideas?
The action taken by Pope Leo X on June 15, 1520, against Martin Luther for refusing to retract his statements, formally cutting him off from the Catholic Church.
What is excommunication?
The author of The Prince who argued that a ruler must be both shrewd as a fox and strong as a lion, prioritizing political effectiveness over moral correctness.
Who is Niccolò Machiavelli?
The architectural feature designed by Filippo Brunelleschi for the Florence cathedral, which served as a marvel of engineering and influenced later Renaissance architects.What is the dome?
What is the dome?
This class developed due to increased trade and had enough extra money to buy luxury goods and finance art and scholarship, contributing to the expansion of the economy and sponsoring the Renaissance
What are the wealthy merchants (or middle class)?
This is the specific spot on the horizon where parallel lines appear to meet in a painting, creating the optical illusion of depth or three dimensions.
What is the vanishing point?
The type of governmental structure that began to emerge as the political authority of the Catholic Church declined following the Reformation.
What are modern nation-states?
The questioning attitude that became part of the scientific method and transformed medicine and physics, stemming from the rediscovery of Greek philosophy.
What is skepticism?
The artist responsible for the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper, whose notebooks contained designs for machines like modern tanks and helicopters.
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
This friar's sale of indulgences to raise money for St. Peter’s Cathedral directly prompted Martin Luther to write the 95 Theses.
Who is Johann Tetzel?
This famous artists has posted many top hits, is known for his fun, upbeat, party anthems, and is known the world over.
Who is Pitbull?
This sole source of revealed truth is emphasized equally by Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism, but not Roman Catholicism.
What is the Bible?
The intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements, leading scholars to study classical texts to understand ancient Greek values rather than trying to align them with Christian teaching.
What is humanism?
Unlike medieval art which often lacked realism and focused on religious themes, Renaissance art often depicted religious subjects in this style copied from classical models.
What is a realistic style?
The factor that contributed classical knowledge returning to Europe
trade, the 100 years war, religious wars, the Islamic empire
This historical event is often compared by historians to the arrival of personal computers in the 20th century due to its tremendous impact on culture and the spread of ideas.
What is the development of the movable-type printing press?