What is Matter?
Anything that has these two fundamental characteristics: mass and volume.
Matter
This type of property can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the sample.
Physical property
According to the Particle Theory, all matter is made of these tiny, constantly moving building blocks.
Particles
This property describes the salt content of a liquid mixture.
Salinity
This measure of the amount of matter in an object is usually measured in grams or kilograms.
Mass
This physical property describes how light reflects off of and interacts with a substance.
Luster
In 1803, John Dalton used electricity for this process to break water down into oxygen and hydrogen.
Electrolysis
To calculate salinity, you divide the mass of salt in grams by the mass of this total mixture in grams.
Solution
This property measures how much three-dimensional space an object takes up.
Volume
This chemical property describes the ability of a substance to burn.
Flammability
When water is separated into gas components, oxygen always takes up about this fraction of space compared to hydrogen.
Half (1/2)
Calculated as mass divided by volume, this property measures how tightly packed an object's mass is.
Density
Unlike mass (which stays constant), this property changes depending on the force of gravity.
weight
An apple slice turning brown on a counter and an iron nail rusting are both reactions with this gas.
Oxygen
Discovered in the 1820s using pollen in water, this term describes the random motion of microscopic particles.
Brownian motion
These natural habitats form when water dissolves limestone due to its chemical properties.
Limestone Caves
Light and heat from a fire are not matter because they lack these two essential properties.
mass and volume
These properties govern how a substance changes into a brand-new kind of matter during a reaction.
Chemical properties
Invented in the 1980s, this powerful microscope allowed scientists to directly image individual particles.
Scanning tunneling microscope
Mercury is denser than water because its particles are closer together and have more of this.
mass