Forces of evolution
A random change in DNA
Mutation
the process by which organic matter exposed to minerals over a long period is turned into a stony substance
petrification
the remains of a prehistoric animal in a mold or cast
Fossil records
Underwater hot spring created perfect conditions for life to form
Hydrothermal vents
Changes in genes due to traits not being suitable for the environment
Natural selection
removing all moisture from the body leaving only a dried form that will not easily decay
mummification
leftover functions from earlier ancestor species
vestigial structures
The idea that life came from space
Panspermia
Random event that kills off a gene
Genetic drift
Small animals or bugs getting trapped in tree resin
Amber
geographical distribution of plants and animals
Biogeography
A combination of the atmosphere and the ocean created life
Primordial soup
Exchange of genes between populations
Gene flow
animal sinks slowly into dense oil which keeps their bones perfectly preserved
tar
The more the animal is related the more similar the embryo looks
Embryology
The idea that life can be created from nonorganic matter
Spontaneous generation