COVID19 Reforms
What did the health professionals discover about COVID as a virus that made them change the workplace guidelines? What intervention was proposed to address this?
The virus is airborne. More ventilation.
How did UHC mandate the financing of population-based interventions and individual-based interventions?
DOH/LGU: Population-based; PhilHealth: Individual-based
Define Out-of-Pocket Payments and how are poor people affected by this in terms of availing health services?
Percentage of health expenditures borne by private individuals. Poor people would rather not avail of health services when OOP is too high.
What is the reason why DOH finds it difficult to hold stakeholders accountable in the health system prior to UHC?
Lack of information system (very manual and prone to discrepancies)
Cite at least two reasons why health affects economic growth (as discussed in this class)
Increased labor productivity, Incentive to Save, and More Labor Force
Explain the One Hospital Command Proposal
One hotline where people can call that will refer them to appropriate COVID health facilities
What is the purpose of Service Delivery Networks?
Connect health facilities for better referral.
What is life expectancy? How does it affect people's behavior and the economy?
Average age a person can reach in a lifetime. Higher life expectancy encourages savings which increases investments.
Who opposed Primary Care and Service Delivery Networks and why? What incentive was granted in the UHC Law to make them agree to the concept?
Tertiary facilities oppose cause it might reduce their income.
PhilHealth Reimbursements.
What is the reason behind assigning certain agencies to fund population-based interventions and certain agencies to fund individual-based interventions?
Avoid redundancies making fund use more efficient.
Give at least two proposals of HPAAC re: transport issues during COVID19
Bike Lanes, Allowing PUVs to operate
What funds are pooled to PhilHealth in lieu of the UHC Law?
PhilHealth: PAGCOR, PCSO, Sin Tax Revenues
What is infant mortality rate? What is the status of infant mortality before the UHC Law in the Philippines?
Chance that a newborn child will survive childbirth. It has improved because of the RH Law.
Why would the national government officials not prefer the rule that they should only fund population-based services?
Individual-based services can lead more towards patronage politics
What is the advantage of shifting health services from being supply-driven to being demand-driven?
It becomes more responsive to needs and it avoids excessive purchases making the public fund use more efficient.
What is the proposal of HPAAC to ensure that people comply with lockdowns/quarantine rules?
Ayuda
Differentiate FDA from HTA
FDA determines what private individuals can buy from the market
HTA recommends what government can purchase using public funds
According to the UHC Law, how many more Filipinos will be members of PhilHealth?
All Filipinos
What is the underlying political reason why government halted the operation of public jeepneys during the pandemic?
To push for the jeepney phaseout
Define devolution of health functions. What legal mandated this and what are the advantages.
Passing of health responsibilities from the national to the local level. Local Government Code. Advantage: Local leaders know their localities better than national government.
What did the health professionals discover about HTA during the pandemic? What proposal did they push for to address the problem?
Zero budget. Push for restoration of the budget through help from Sin Tax champions.
Give at least two reforms related to regulation under the UHC Law
Transparent Pricing, Increased Bed Ratio, Benefit Complementation of PhilHealth to HMOs, and Return Service Agreement
According to data prior to UHC Law, what is the leading cause of disability or disease burden in the Philippines?
Non-communicable diseases (tobacco-smoking, high blood, dietary risks)
What is the Mandanas-Garcia Ruling and how does it affect health outcomes?
SC ruling granting more funds from the national government to the local governments. It further devolves health functions to the local level.
Differentiate supply-side health intervention and demand-side health intervention. Give an example.
Supply-side: Provider/Government Decides. Ex. Libreng Tule
Demand-side: Patient/User decides. Ex. PhilHealth Benefits