Respiratory
Cardiovascular
GI
Renal
Random
100
What clinical finding is indicative of asthma? (Hint: it is found during your physical assessment)
Wheezing
100
Define cardiogenic shock
The heart is unable to adequately pump enough blood to the body
100
How do lesions from Crohn's disease present in the GI tract?
Patchy lesions, UC affects entire colon
100
True or false: All kidney stones are composed of calcium
False: patients with gout can develop kidney stones composed of uric acid
100
What is the chief hormone released during the stress response?
Cortisol
200
What does the FEV1/FVC ratio tell us?
It indicates how much air you can forcefully exhale
200
Label this EKG wave and describe what they mean
P wave: atrial depolarization
QRS complex: ventricle depolarization
T wave: repolarization of ventricles
200
Where does a Mallory-Weiss tear occur?
It is a tear in the mucosa in the upper stomach or esophagus
200
Name two differences between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome
Nephrotic: damaged glomeruli, more protein in urine
Nephritic: inflammed golmeruli, less protein in urine
200
What disease process most commonly causes iron deficiency anemia in men?
GI Bleeds
300
During respiratory acidosis, the pH will be (high/low) and the CO2 will be (high/low)
Low pH, high CO2
300
What is a first-degree heart block? How would it should up on an EKG?
Electrical conduction from the atria to the ventricles is delayed; prolonged PR interval
300
What is diverticulosis vs. diverticulitis?
Diverticulosis - prescence of diverticular
Diverticulitis: Prescence of inflammed diverticulae
300
What is the name and appearance of RBCs in patients with kidney disease?
Burr Cells, RBCs are normocytic but spikey
300
What vital sign change indicates a patient has gone from compensated to decompensated shock?
A severe drop in BP
400
Your patient is a 18 year-old male with sudden onset of severe SOB. No prior history, no medications. You note that he has tall, lanky build. What is causing his SOB?
Spontaneous pneumothorax; most common demographic affected is tall, young adult men
400
Your patient arrives in the ED. They have 8/10 chest pain, diaphoretic, on 2 L of O2 via NC, and were given Aspirin and Nitroglycerin en route with little relief. You obtain an EKG but it looks normal. Why?
The patient is having an NSTEMI, which means the ST segment is not elevated.
400
What is the cure for ulcerative colitis?
Total colectomy
400
What tests are ordered to diagnose kidney disease?
BUN and creatine
400
True or false: secondary endocrine dysfunction is due to a problem within the hypothalamus or pituitary gland
True
500
A patient arrives to the ED via EMS complaining of shortness of breath and chest pain. They have a history of left sided heart failure. You know that this means their symptoms mainly affect their lungs and a key symptom of left sided HF is pulmonary edema. Why is CPAP a good option for this patient?
CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) provides a continuous "blast" of oxygen into the patients lungs. This prevents alveoli from collapsing due to excessive edema in the lungs. With the alveoli able to remain open, the patients SOB is relieved.
500
Your patient has right-sided heart failure. What are their symptoms?
Fatigue, weight gain, dependent edema, JVD, ascites, etc etc
500
True or false: Gastric peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is more common than Duodenal PUD
False, duodenal is more common and food will relieve pain
500
Glomerulonephritis will present with what symptom?
RBCs in the urine
500
Define the rule of 9s and then label the body using this theory
Body burns can be calculated by using rule of 9s