Science
Heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones because gravity pulls more strongly on larger masses. This difference becomes obvious when objects are dropped from tall heights. Air resistance only slightly affects this process.
Gravity accelerates all masses equally in a vacuum.
Heavier objects do not fall faster due to gravity alone.
Air resistance can significantly affect falling speed.
Mass does not change gravitational acceleration.
The Moon’s surface environment is defined by its lack of gravity, which allows astronauts to float freely across the landscape. Because gravity is absent, gases cannot remain near the Moon’s surface, preventing the formation of an atmosphere. This also explains why footprints last forever on the Moon.
The Moon does have gravity, just weaker than Earth’s.
Astronauts do not float; they walk and jump.
The Moon lacks an atmosphere because its gravity is too weak, not absent.
Footprints last a long time due to lack of erosion, not gravity alone.
Video game consoles primarily rely on software to generate graphics, while hardware mainly stores game data. The GPU plays a minor role compared to the CPU when rendering modern games. Because of this, upgrading storage often leads to noticeable visual improvements.
Graphics are generated primarily by hardware, especially the GPU.
The GPU plays a major role in rendering modern games.
Storage does not meaningfully improve visual quality.
CPUs and GPUs handle computation, not storage devices.
The liver is the largest organ in the human body and serves as the body’s primary protective barrier. Because it filters toxins, it also prevents physical damage from external threats. This makes it more important for protection than the skin.
The skin is the largest organ.
The liver is an internal organ.
The skin is the primary protective barrier.
The liver’s role is metabolic, not external protection.
The color of a star is primarily an artistic classification rather than a physical one. Red stars burn hotter because red is associated with higher energy. Blue stars appear brighter only because they are closer to Earth.
Star color is a physical property, not artistic.
Blue stars are hotter than red stars.
Red stars are cooler.
Brightness is not determined by distance alone.
Vikings were known for using intimidating visual symbols in battle, including horned helmets. These helmets were practical as well as symbolic, helping Vikings hook enemy shields. Archaeological reconstructions support this interpretation of Viking warfare.
There is no evidence Vikings wore horned helmets in battle.
Horned helmets would be impractical in combat.
Archaeological evidence contradicts this claim.
The horned image comes from 19th-century art and opera.
Sound waves require matter to travel, which is why sound cannot move through empty space. Because air is less dense than water, sound waves experience less resistance and therefore move more quickly through air. This is why underwater communication relies mostly on visual signals rather than sound.
Sound cannot travel through a vacuum, that part is correct.
Sound travels faster in water than in air, not slower.
Sound travels fastest in solids, not gases.
Underwater communication often does use sound very effectively.
A day on Earth lasts exactly 24 hours, a measurement that has remained constant since the planet formed. This stability allows clocks to stay accurate over long periods of time. Minor variations are caused only by human timekeeping systems.
A day is not exactly 24 hours. (23:56.4)
Earth’s rotation is slowing over time.
Day length has changed throughout history.
Leap seconds exist because of this variation.
Saving a game freezes the entire game world exactly as it is. When the game reloads, every process resumes from that precise moment. This guarantees identical outcomes after loading.
Saving does not freeze all processes perfectly.
Many background systems reset on load.
Reloading does not guarantee identical outcomes.
Randomness and timing can change results.
The Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed using simple tools and unskilled labor. Most of the workforce consisted of enslaved people working under harsh conditions. The precision of the pyramid is impressive given the builders’ limited engineering knowledge.
Pyramid builders were skilled, paid laborers, not slaves.
Tools were advanced for their time.
Builders had strong engineering knowledge.
The workforce was well-organized and fed.
Human perception is limited to five senses, a model that has remained unchanged since ancient Greece. These senses operate independently from one another and send separate signals to the brain. Together, they account for all sensory experience.
Humans have more than five senses.
Examples include balance, proprioception, temperature, and pain.
Senses do not operate independently; they interact.
The five-sense model is outdated.
Earth’s seasons occur because the planet follows a circular orbit around the Sun. During the part of the year when Earth is closer to the Sun, both hemispheres experience warmer temperatures. This distance-based explanation accounts for why summers are consistently hotter worldwide.
Earth’s orbit is elliptical, but that is not what causes seasons.
Seasons are caused by axial tilt, not distance from the Sun.
Hemispheres experience opposite seasons, not the same ones.
Evolution always results in organisms becoming more complex over time. Simpler organisms eventually disappear because they are less advanced. Natural selection pushes life toward higher intelligence.
Evolution does not always increase complexity.
Simple organisms still thrive today.
Natural selection does not aim for intelligence.
Evolution has no predetermined direction.
Stars remain fixed in the sky relative to one another over time. Their positions change only because Earth rotates and orbits the Sun. This stability is why ancient star maps remain fully accurate today.
Stars are not fixed relative to one another.
They move over time (proper motion).
Ancient star maps are not fully accurate today.
Constellations slowly change shape.