Learning Disabilities
well-known learning disability that primarily impacts reading.
struggle to recognize and blend sounds in words, read fluently, and spell accurately. These difficulties persist despite having access to adequate instruction, making fluent reading a struggle.
What is Dyslexia?
a common condition that can make it hard to focus, manage emotions, and much more. It’s different for everyone and can be diagnosed at any age.
What is ADHD?
refers to a delay in a child’s development in adaptive behavior, cognition, communication, motor development or emotional development to the extent that, if not provided with special intervention, the delay may adversely affect a child’s educational performance in age-appropriate activities.
may be used for children from ages three through nine (the end of the school year in which the child turns nine)
What is Significant Developmental Delay?
Difficulty producing specific speech sounds correctly.
What is Articulation?
may result from congenital defects, eye diseases, or injuries to the eye.
What is Visual Impairment?
a learning disability that affects an individual’s mathematical skills. It can hinder basic calculations and present challenges in solving complex math problems, such as word problems and multi-step mathematical tasks
What is Dyscalculia?
acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects the student's educational performance.
What is Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)?
developmental disability, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a student's educational performance and significantly affects developmental rates and sequences, verbal and non-verbal communication, and social interaction and participation
What is Autism?
Problems with the rhythm and flow of speech, such as stuttering or cluttering.
What is Fluency deficit?
exhibits a hearing loss, whether permanent or fluctuating, that interferes with the acquisition or maintenance of auditory skills necessary for the normal development of speech, language, and academic achievement
What is Deaf/Hard of Hearing?
a learning disability associated with writing.
may make grammar and spelling mistakes, produce writing that lacks structure and clarity, and find it challenging to form letters neatly. This condition can hinder effective communication through written expression.
What is Dysgraphia?
impact a student's ability to perform in school due to the physical demands of managing the condition, such as frequent blood sugar monitoring and medication, which can lead to missed class time.
What is Diabetes?
Ability to hold and manipulate information in one’s mind over short periods, essential for reasoning, decision-making, and behavior.
Ex: a student might struggle to keep track of intermediate steps. For instance, when solving a multi-step equation, they may forget the numbers or operations used in earlier steps, leading to errors in their calculations.
Difficulties understanding or using language, including vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.
What is Language Disorder?
student who exhibits one or more emotionally based characteristics of sufficient duration, frequency, and intensity that it/they interfere(s) significantly with educational performance to the degree that provision of special educational services is necessary. For preschool-age children, these characteristics may appear within the preschool environment or in another setting documented through an extended assessment period. The student's difficulty is emotionally based and cannot be adequately explained by intellectual, cultural, sensory, or general health factors.
What is Emotional/Behavior Disorder?
Difficulty filtering out irrelevant sounds or sounds associated with a specific task, or the inability to recognize what is being said.
What is Auditory Processing?
a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent, unprovoked seizures
What is Epilepsy?
The rate at which individuals can perceive, understand, and respond to information.
Ex: During a timed quiz, a student might struggle to complete all the questions. While they understand the material, they need more time to read and answer each question.
What is a Processing Speed Deficit?
Changes in the quality or pitch of the voice.
What is Voice Disorder?
significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning which exists concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior that adversely affect educational performance and is manifested during the developmental period.
What is Intellectual Disability?
a difficulty in the coordination between the brain, eyes, and hands, making it hard to interpret visual information and translate it into precise motor actions. Signs include poor handwriting, difficulty copying, issues with hand-eye coordination, trouble with puzzles, and challenges with cutting and coloring
What is Visual Motor Deficit?
a condition where the hemoglobin is abnormal and the red blood cells often become shaped like the letter C, making them crescent-shaped. This shape, in turn, makes it difficult for the red blood cells to pass through small blood vessels, causing pain and damaging organs.
What is Sickle Cell Anemia?
The ability to understand and interpret visual information about the world around us, and to solve problems using visual images and spatial relationships.
Ex: Troy struggles to draw the cube correctly, possibly misplacing the lines or failing to represent the depth properly, resulting in a flat, two-dimensional drawing instead of a three-dimensional one.
What is Visual Spatial/Perception Reasoning?
Student has difficulty swallowing which in turns impacts their ability to speak/communicate verbally.
What is Dysphagia?
The ability to recognize and remember the visual details of words, such as their spelling patterns and letter combinations.
Ex: might try to pronounce the word as "k-n-i-ght," or have difficulty spelling the word because they are not as familiar with these common letter patterns and their irregularities.
What is Orthographic Processing Deficit?