Conducting Research
A process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue.
What is research?
What should be a primary consideration and at the forefront of the researcher's agenda.
a. research process
b. ethical considerations
c. research design
d. subjects availability
What is ethics
An inquiry approach useful for exploring and understanding a central phenomenon.
What is qualitative research?
Whether one can draw meaningful and useful inferences from scores on the instruments.
a. validity
b. aqueous
c. reliability
d. evidence
What is validity?
Studies that are more descriptive or exploratory and are interested in what already exists
a. nonexperimental research
b. correlational research
c. cross sectional research
d. basic research
What is non-experimental research?
1. research adds to our knowledge 2. research improves practice 3. research informs policy debates
What the these three reasons for?
What are three reasons why research is important?
What is understood to the core of the Nuremberg Codes?
a. ethnographic research design
b. Obtaining verbal and written consent.
B. Articulating informed consent
C. Maintaining safety and human rights.
D. Preserving accuracy and integrity of data.
What is informed consent?
Informed consent, the core of the Nuremberg Code, has rightly been viewed as the protection of subjects' human rights. The key contribution of Nuremberg was to merge Hippocratic ethics and the protection of human rights into a single code
Open-ended, general questions that a researcher would like answered during this type of study.
What are qualitative research questions?
Refers to whether scores to items are internally consistent.
A. Research
b. reliability
c. variability
d. veracity
What is reliability?
Used by researchers to test activities, practices or procedures to determine whether they influence an outcome or dependent variable
What is an experiment?
All are parts of the research process, except
1.identify subjects
2. Selecting and defining the problem
3. Selecting a research design
4. Collecting data
5. Analyzing data
6. Using the research findings
What is Identify Subjects?
Conducted by U.S. Public Health Service this unethical study ran from 1932 to 1972
a. Haitian Relief studies
b. Helsinki study
c. Tuskegee Study
d. Willowbrook study
What is Tuskegee Syphilis study.
The intentional selection of individuals and sites to learn or understand a central phenomenon.
a. purposeful sampling
b. incidental sampling
c. miscellaneous sampling
d. intentional sampling
What is purposeful sampling?
A random sample
a. is sample size
b. a randomly selected complete research population
c. research subjects without much thought in selection criteria
d. a randomly selected subset of a population
What are measures of central tendency?
The use of both quantitative and qualitative methods in a single study.
What is mixed-methods or triangulation design?
Based on the nature of the research problem and the questions that will be asked to address the problem, the researcher will choose one of these two research tracks.
What are quantitative and qualitative research?
This study ran from 1950s to 1970 and was focused on period of infectivity of infectious hepatitis
Willowbrook Study
observations, interviews and questionnaires, documents, and audiovisual materials are used for what purpose in qualitative research?
What is used to collect data for qualitative research
A declarative statement in quantitative research in which the researcher makes a prediction or conjecture about the outcome of a relationship.
What is a hypothesis?
Examines data collected in the past, usually through review of medical records
a. longitudinal research design
b. prospective research design
c. correlational research design
d. retrospective research design
What is a retrospective research design?
What are the two types of research
What is applied and basic research
These are all key elements of what ethical process
1. Provide potential subjects with sufficient information about study participation
2. Assure them participation is voluntary
3. Simple, understandable language
What are the key elements of informed consent
1. collect data 2. prepare data for analysis 3. read through data 4. code data 5. code text for description 6. code text for themes
a. analyzing qualitative research data
b. survey quantitative data
c. select research designs
d. code research data
What are the six steps commonly used in analyzing qualitative data?
An inquiry approach useful for describing trends and explaining the relationship among variables.
What is quantitative research?