Clouds
Atmosphere
Weather
Heat Energy
Water
100

This a large and heavily dense cloud which produces thunderstorms and travels through all layers of the clouds

Cumulonimbus cloud

100

The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs

Troposphere


100

How are winds primarily caused?

Differential heating of the atmosphere

100

How does energy from the sun reach us here on Earth

radiation

100

What is evaporation

A process from liquid to gas

200

What layer of the atmosphere does weather occur and what 3 factors describe weather

The troposphere and wind, temperature, and precipitation


200

What does insolation stand for

Incoming solar radiation

200

How does wind work

As air rises from an area of low pressure and heat, air rushes in from higher pressure and cold to fill the vacancy

200

What is radiation

The transfer of energy through space through electromagnetic waves

200

What is condensation

A process from gas to liquid

300

These clouds are generally close to the ground and produce drizzles

stratus clouds

300

Which layer do planes fly in and why?

The stratosphere so that they may fly over the weather

300

Describe temperature inversion

An abnormal temperature profile in which temperature INCREASES with altitude

300

Which part of the Earth retains the most heat (besides the ocean)

the surface

300

What is the relationship between temperature and water in the air

The higher the temperature, the more energy air has. Therefore, the hotter it is the more water vapor air can hold

400

How are clouds formed

When air containing water vapor rises through the atmosphere, expands, and cools

400

How does the temperature change as you go up in vertical distance of the atmosphere

Temperature decreases with altitude in the troposphere, increases in the stratosphere, decreases in the mesosphere, and increases again in the thermosphere

400

How does saturation occur and what is a dew point

Saturation occurs when evaporation and condensation occur at the same rate. Dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled to reach saturation

400

Describe conduction and convection

Conduction is the transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle (direct contact) and convection is the transfer of energy in a gas or liquid by movement of currents (

400

What is the scientific definition of humidity?

The amount of water vapor present in the air

500

What are condensation nuclei and what do they do?

Small particles such as salt, dust, or smoke and it provides surfaces on which the phase change from gas to liquid or gas to solid can happen. It helps precipitation form.

500

How do Aurora Borealis (and Aurora Australis) occur and in which layer of the atmosphere do they occur?

They occur from solar flares from the sun traveling to Earth and reflecting the energized particles to the poles by deflection of the magnetic field. They occur in the thermosphere (or ionosphere)


500

How does temperature inversion work 

Heavy cold air beneath light warm air. As saturated air rises and clouds form, temperature inversion in the lower part of the atmosphere acts will act like an impenetrable ceiling to rising clouds below, stopping their vertical growth.

500

Provide a detailed example of a scenario in which conduction, convection, and radiation are all present

Boiling Water. The pot is using conduction, the water is using convection, and radiation is the heat coming from around the source

500

What are the 5 forms of precipitation in order from warmest to coldest

Rain, freezing rain, hail, sleet, snow

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