Italian Unification Vocab
The desire for national independence
What is nationalism
Describe what Italy was like from 1100s-1800s
Made of independent states/kingdoms/principalities and was ruled by foreign leaders
What is a diet
What is an assembly
Who was the key figure in German unification?
Who is Otto von Bismarck
Which German state was Bismarck the prime minister of?
What is Prussia
A king limited by a constitution
What is a constitutional monarch
Who was the king of Sardinia who would become constitutional monarch
Victor Emmanuel II
The aristocratic landowners were called this
Who are the Junkers
The king of Prussia who appointed Otto von Bismarck as his prime minister
Who is William I
List 2 enemies of German unification according to Bismarck
Who are Austria, France, and Liberals
Name of the secret society founded by Giuseppe Mazzini
What is Young Italy
Victor Emmanuel's adviser who knew Sardinia needed help to get rid of Austria
Who is Count Camillo di Cavour
The support for a powerful military prepared for war
What is militarism
The war in which Prussia fought Austria in order to separate Austria from Germany and end any chance for a united Germany under Austrian control
What is the Seven Weeks' War
Bismarck's policy in which the nation state has the right to pursue its own advantage by any means including by going to war
What is Realpolitik
Name of the Italina unity movement. Meant "resurgence/revival"
What is risorgimento
Who was the military commander/adventurer from southern Italy who used guerilla warfare
Who is Giuseppe Garibaldi
Name of the German emperor
what is a kaiser
War that started because France didn't receive compensation (land) for staying neutral in the seven weeks' war
What is the Franco-Prussian War
Who would force Otto von Bismarck to resign
Who is William II
what is a nation state
List 2 problems Italy face after unification
Divisions b/w north and south (north was industrialized, south was agricultural), Sardinia tried to force its laws on all other parts, Former rulers tried to reclaim their thrones, Wanted Rome as the capital-would have to claim it from the pope
Cultural struggle between church and state
What is the kulturkampf
What were two ways Bismarck used his policy of realpolitik
What is going to war 3 times, manipulating countries (getting rid of Austria's allies before the Seven Weeks' War), Changing the letter of the telegram to start the Franco-Prussian War
What did "blood and iron" refer to in Bismarck's quote "The great questions of the day will not be settled by means of speeches and majority decisions … but by iron and blood."
What is use of military ... and blood can be seen as common blood/nationality that unites people