Cardiovascular medicine
Drug class to avoid during nitrate therapy
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
Role of sputum culture in COPD exacerbation
None
Most common cause of hypertonic hyponatremia
Hyperglycemia
Acute, unilateral, lancinating posterior headache with movement of cervical spine
Occipital neuralgia
Neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease
Meningitis, facial palsy, radiculopathy
BP target for prevention of symptomatic HF
<130/80 mm Hg
Common drug cause of CSA
Opioids
Treatment of ethylene glycol toxicity
IV fluids, fomepizole, hemodialysis
Best treatments for epilepsy in older patients
Gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam
Positive tuberculin skin test in patient with no TB risk factors
≥15 mm
Medical therapy for chronic aortic regurgitation and hypertension
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs
Conditions warranting in-lab polysomnography
Cardiopulmonary or neuromuscular disease
Albumin-corrected anion gap calculation
Anion Gap + 2.5 × (Normal Albumin − Measured Albumin)
Imaging for reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
Brain MRI, cranial and cervical MRA or CTA
Specialized viral testing after HIV diagnosis
Genotype viral resistance
Leading cause of death in patients with TAA
Ruptured aneurysm
Diagnosis suggested by environmental exposure, fever, fatigue, cough
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Pathology findings in RPGN
Extensive glomerular crescents
Acute subdural hematoma surgery indications
Hematoma >10 mm, GCS score <9, pupillary asymmetry/fixation
Pyelonephritis indications for imaging
Fever lasting >72 hours, persistent bacteremia
Disease-specific therapy for transthyretin amyloid cardiac amyloidosis
Tafamidis, acoramidis, vutrisiran
OHS defining parameter
Daytime hypercapnia
Serum osmolality calculation
2 × Na+ + Glucose/18 + BUN/2.8 + Ethanol/4.6 (if present)
Antibody test in myasthenia gravis with weakness of cervical extension
Anti–muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK)
Meningitis, cranial neuropathies, mental status changes, SIADH
TB meningitis