Critical Care 1
Treatment for opioid overdose
Naloxone
Preferred route for nutrition in critically ill patients
Enteral
Test indicated in suspected acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Arterial blood gas
Timing of initiation of enteral nutrition in ICU
24-48 hours after admission
Most common cause of cardiogenic shock
Myocardial infarction
Initial fluid resuscitation bolus for sepsis
30 mL/kg of crystalloid solution
Target MAP in septic shock
60-65 mm Hg
First-line vasopressor for septic shock
Norepinephrine
Treatment for heat stroke
Active cooling with immersion in ice water or cold water
Nonventilatory oxygen support for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
High-flow nasal cannula
Diagnosis suggested by CNS depression, increased osmolar gap, normal anion gap
Isopropyl alcohol ingestion
Clinical features of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure with CO2 narcosis
Somnolence, myoclonic jerks
Contraindications to NPPV
Altered mental status, increased secretions, vomiting, inability to protect airway
Strategies to decrease delirium during mechanical ventilation
Daily interruptions of sedation and analgesia; protocolized light sedation; melatonin
Indicator of impending respiratory failure in asthma
Normal or elevated Pco2
Diagnosis suggested by CNS depression, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, increased osmolal gap
Ethylene glycol or methanol ingestion
Risk of flumazenil treatment in benzodiazepine overdose
Life-threatening CNS activation, including seizures
Treatment for cyanide poisoning
Hydroxocobalamin
Ventilatory treatment of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure from OHS
BPAP
Carboxyhemoglobin level indication for hyperbaric therapy
≥25%
Treatment for shock refractory to fluids and vasopressors
Hydrocortisone
Drug treatment for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning
Fomepizole
Primary treatment for ARDS
Mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume and PEEP
Plateau pressure recommended in ARDS
<30 cm H2O
Physiology of hypoxemic respiratory failure not improving with oxygen
V/Q mismatch (specifically low V/Q, or shunt)