Pulmonary Medicine
Initial imaging for CTEPH
V/Q scan
Treatment for AF with rapid heart rate and hemodynamic instability
Cardioversion
Adjunctive bacterial meningitis treatment
Dexamethasone
Immediate treatment of severe hyperkalemia
IV calcium gluconate and insulin (with or without glucose)
Gold standard diagnostic test for achalasia
Esophageal manometry
Treatment for vasoreactive-positive PAH
CCB
HF indications for ICD placement
LVEF ≤35%, NYHA functional class II-III symptoms
Empiric antibiotics for bacterial meningitis, age >50 years
Ampicillin plus ceftriaxone plus vancomycin
Treatment of anti-GBM antibody disease
Plasmapheresis, glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide
Treatment for Barrett esophagus with dysplasia
Endoscopic mucosal resection, followed by radiofrequency ablation or cryotherapy
Treatment for CTEPH
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and anticoagulation
Drug that lowers mortality and HF hospitalization 20% compared with enalapril in patients with symptomatic HFrEF
Valsartan-sacubitril
Preferred HIV ART regimen for most patients
Three-drug regimen from two different classes, preferably including an integrase inhibitor
Hepatorenal syndrome treatment
Stop diuretics; start albumin; start terlipressin or midodrine and octreotide
Primary variceal bleeding treatment
Octreotide, somatostatin, or terlipressin; endoscopic therapy
Systemic sclerosis variant associated with PAH
Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Treatment of recurrent symptomatic AF
Catheter ablation with pulmonary vein isolation
Management of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis
Extensive surgical debridement and early antifungal therapy
Medication for persistent albuminuria despite maximum RAS inhibition in DKD
Finerenone
Preferred induction treatment for ulcerative colitis unresponsive to 5-ASA
Infliximab
First-line therapy for PAH if tolerated
Endothelin-1 receptor antagonist plus PDE-5 inhibitor
Disease-specific therapy for transthyretin amyloid cardiac amyloidosis
Tafamidis, acoramidis, vutrisiran
Empiric treatment for TB meningitis
4-drug anti-TB regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol plus dexamethasone
Causes of increased anion gap metabolic acidosis with high osmolal gap
Methanol, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol
Management of diarrhea and colitis caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors
Medication discontinuation; glucocorticoids or biologic therapy