Basics
Scientific study of behavior and mental Processes of humans + animals
Psychology
Individuals are subjected to an event, special condition, or treatment, which is controlled by the experimenter, the effects on those subjected is then recorded.
Analysis of correlations between two variables, shows whether or not a correlation truly exists.
Correlational Studies
The human soul, spirit, or mind
psyche
Recommended rules to use when conducting an experiment or in clinical practice, used to ensure the ethicality isn't tainted during a study.
ethical guidelines
Mental activities involved with what and how we think, know, remember, and say.
Cognition
If or if not a tool used properly measures/predicts that which it is supposed to effectively.
Validity
Measures how compelling a relationship is on a scale from -1 to +1, which are equal in strength, just on opposite sides of the spectrum.
Correlational Coefficient (r)
One or more proposals given to explain the unsolved variables of various phenomena
theories
Giving the participants of an experiment every aspect of said experiment, before they participate in it.
informed consent
The argument of whether what someone does is dependent on their genes, or from life experience.
Nature-Nurture Controversy
Getting the same results time and time again, leading to the ability to successfully repeat the experiment.
Reliability
When high scores correlate to high scores in another variable. The same tends to happen with low scores.
Positive Correlation
Prediction of how multiple factors relate to each other.
hypothesis
A graph comprised of dots, indicating any correlation between variables.
scatterplot
The changes that occur in response to the IV manipulation during an experiment/quasi-experiment
Dependent Variable (DV)
Subjects act differently because they think they are being exposed to the treatment.
Placebo Effect
When high scores correlate to low scores in another variable.
Negative Correlation
Repeating the steps of a completed experiment to see if the same results occur.
replication
Mental activities involved with what and how we think, know, remember, and say.
cognition
Outlines the details of a procedure so it can be repeated.
Operational Defintion
individuals in the population as well as the experimenter have no idea if they are members of the Control or Experimental group.
Double-Blind Procedure
One perceiving they or something has a relationship with someone/something else, when in reality there is none.
Illusory Correlation
people respond to a selected group of questions, used to show the opinions and convictions of a population.
surveys
the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
hindsight bias