Research Methods
The scientific method begins with this step, in which a researcher identifies a question that can be tested.
What is a research question?
The variable you manipulate.
What is the independent variable?
The average of a dataset.
What is the mean?
The principle requiring researchers to obtain participant agreement before a study is performed.
What is informed consent?
Favoring information that supports your beliefs.
What is confirmation bias?
This type of research examines the relationship between two variables without manipulating either one.
What is correlational research?
The variable you measure.
What is the dependent variable?
The middle value in an ordered dataset.
What is the median?
Keeping participant data private.
What is confidentiality?
Also known as the "I knew it all along" effect.
What is hindsight bias?
A measure of how consistently a psychological test produces similar results.
What is reliability?
What is the process of assigning people to experimental groups by chance?
What is random assignment?
The most frequent value in a distribution.
What is the mode?
The principle in which researchers explain the purpose of the study after possibly initially deceiving the participants.
What is debriefing?
The process of overestimating the accuracy of your own beliefs.
What is overconfidence?
This type of study is a detailed examination of one individual/group.
What is a case study?
A variable other than the independent variable that could change the result of the experiment.
What is a confounding variable?
A statistical measure that ranges from -1.00 to +1.00 which describes the direction and strength of variable relationships.
What is the correlation coefficient?
This occurs when researchers intentionally withold/misrepresent information about a study's purpose.
What is deception?
The tendency to create relationships between variables that do not have one.
What is an illusory correlation?
A researcher wants to measure "academic motivation" and defines it as the number of hours a student voluntarily studies each week. This definition is an example of an _____
What is an operational definition?
A group of psychologists performs a study in which types of medical drugs are randomly administered to consenting participants, and neither the participants nor the psychologists know who has which drug. What study is this?
What is a double-blind study?
A bell-shaped curve where most scores cluster near the center and fewer scores are on either extreme.
What is a normal curve/distribution?
This organization revies proposed psychology research involving human participants to ensure that they are ethical (Full name needed).
What is the IRB (Institutional Review Board)?
A researcher asks a group of people, "Is the Earth older than 7 billion years old? If not, then estimate." He then asks a separate group of people who were in a different room, "Is the Earth older than 2 billion years old? If not, then estimate." He found that group 1 had much larger answers than group 2. This type of bias was represented in this study.
What is anchoring bias?