Mean, Median and Mode
This is the term for the average of a set of numbers.
What is the mean?
This is the name of the statistic that measures how spread out numbers are from the mean.
What is standard deviation?
The standard error of the mean estimates the variability of this sample statistic.
What is the mean?
On a line graph, the X-axis usually shows this variable.
What is the independent variable?
This test is used to determine if there’s a significant difference between expected and observed frequencies.
What is a chi-squared test?
Find the median of this set: 3, 7, 9, 12, 15.
What is 9?
True or False: A low standard deviation indicates that values are close to the mean.
What is true?
The standard error is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of this.
What is the sample size (n)?
This type of graph is most appropriate for showing frequency distributions.
What is a histogram?
The formula for chi-squared includes summing this for each category:
(Observed - Expected)² / Expected.
This value appears most often in the set: 4, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 4.
What is 4?
The formula for population standard deviation includes dividing by this value.
What is N (the total number of values)?
If the standard deviation is 10 and the sample size is 25, what is the standard error of the mean?
What is 2?
You see two bar graphs with error bars that do not overlap. What can you infer about the statistical significance of the difference between the two groups?
What is the difference is likely statistically significant?
If observed = [10, 20] and expected = [15, 15], what is the chi-squared statistic?
What is 3.33?
Calculate the mean of: 10, 20, 30, 40, 100.
What is 40?
Two classes took the same math test. Class A had a mean score of 75 with a standard deviation of 2. Class B also had a mean of 75, but a standard deviation of 10. What does this suggest about the test scores in each class?
What is Class A's scores were more consistent, while Class B's scores were more spread out?
A researcher has a standard deviation of 8 and SEM of 4. What is the sample size?
What is 4?
On a scatter plot of reaction time (in seconds) versus caffeine intake (in mg), which variable should go on the X-axis?
What is caffeine intake (independent variable)?
True or False: A high chi-squared value indicates a close match between observed and expected data.
What is false?
Find the median of this set: 6, 1, 4, 9, 3, 2.
What is 3.5?
In a normal distribution, approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean. What percentage falls within two standard deviations?
What is approximately 95%?
True or False: Increasing the sample size decreases the standard error.
What is true?
You conduct an experiment with three groups and collect average scores and standard error values. Describe how to construct a bar graph to best show the results.
What is plot group means as bars, add error bars for standard error, and label axes with variables and units?
A researcher tests whether candy color preference is random. The chi-squared statistic is 9.2 with 3 degrees of freedom. The critical value at p = 0.05 is 7.81. Should the null hypothesis be accepted or rejected?
What is rejected, because 9.2 > 7.81, indicating a significant difference from expected frequencies?