Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment
French Revolution & Napoleon
Atlantic Revolutions (except for French Revolution)
First and Second Industrial Revolution
Capitalism, Communism, and Socialism
200
What type of thinking was important to the Scientific Revolution & the Enlightenment?
Logic, Reason, Empiricism, Observations
200
What were two causes of the French Revolution?
France was in debt, There wasn't enough bread, Society was unequal, Too many taxes, People wanted democracy
200
What is one thing that all of the revolutions have in common?
Getting Rid of Monarchy, Military Conflict, Inspired by Enlightenment Ideas
200
What was the big effect of agricultural innovations in during the first industrial revolution?
More Food = More People
200
Which economic system do most countries have today?
Capitalism (with some socialist policies)
200
John Locke said everyone are born with rights such as 'life, liberty, and property'. What are those called?
Natural Rights
200
What big benefit did the USA get from Napoleon?
The Louisiana Purchase
200
Which revolution was led by formerly enslaved people?
The Haitian Revolution
200
What was the first Asian state to begin rapid industrialization in the 1800s?
Japan
200
What is the role of government in Capitalism?
Government stays out, Laissez-faire, Free Market
300
Why did Montesquieu think governments should have a 'separation of powers'?
To keep any part of government from becoming too powerful, Checks and Balances
300
What was the 'Reign of Terror'?
Maximilien Robespierre, the Committee of Public Safety, and Guillotine Executions
300
What policy did the Monroe Doctrine put in place?
The USA would fight any European who tried to create new colonies in the Americas.
300
What are two reasons the Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain?
Resources, Waterways, Innovations, Legal Protections, Empire
300
Who owns the means of production under Communism?
The people share them (the government takes them).
300
Where do you find 'popular sovereignty' in the government of the U.S.A.?
Voting for Representatives, Voting for President
300
Who were two leaders of the French Revolution?
Napoleon, Louis XVI, Maximilien Robespierre, Marquis De Lafayette
300
Which country in Latin America became independent through relatively peaceful means?
The Empire of Brazil
300
What were the two biggest ways steam power helped business during the first industrial revolution?
Transportation and Textile Industry
300
What was the purpose of Labor Unions?
Workers came together in order to improve working conditions.
400
How did Napoleon help spread Enlightenment ideas in Europe?
The Napoleonic Code
400
Before the French Revolution, France had what type of ruler (with total control)?
Absolute Monarchy, Absolutism
400
What is the difference between left-wing and right-wing politics in the 1800s?
Left Wing = Liberal, Democracy, Natural Rights
Right Wing = Conservative, Monarchy
400
What is one electrical innovation and one chemical innovation of the second industrial revolution?
Electrical = Cameras, Light Bulb, Telegraph, Phonograph, etc.
Chemical = Oil, Ammonia Synthesis, Steel (Bessemer Process)
400
What were two problems associated with Industrial Capitalism?
Low Wages, Long Work Hours, Child Labor, Exploitation, and Unsafe Working Conditions
400
What do you give up, and what do you get under the 'social contract'?
People give up rights/freedoms to get safety/order.
400
What were the Three Estates of France? Who was in each?
1st Estate = Clergy / Church
2nd Estate = Nobility / Aristocracy
3rd Estate = Everyone else, 97% of France
400
In what meeting did the leaders of Europe decide to rebuild Europe with monarchies and try to prevent future liberal revolutions?
The Congress of Vienna
400
What is a country that was slow to industrialize? And what was a reason a country might be slow to industrialize?
Countries = China, India, Russia, Ottoman Empire, etc...
Reasons = Traditions, Imperialism, Secrecy
400
What were the two terms used by Marx for the workers and the owners of the means of production?
Proletariat = Workers
Bourgeoisie = Owners