Accountability & Advocacy
Identify four major areas of competence within the scope of nursing practice.
What is...
Health & Wellness
Illness Prevention
Health Restoration
Care for the Dying
Explain the ANA Code of Ethics.
What is....Enables the nurse to fly high enough above the patient situation to self correct while dealing with health issues.
Identify and differentiate between the phases of the nursing process.
What is...Assessment (Collecting, Organizing, Validating, Documenting Data), Diagnosis (Analyzing data, Identifying health problems, risks, & strengths, Formulating diagnostic statements, NANDA diagnostic statements), Planning (Prioritize problems, Formulate goals, Select interventions,Write nursing orders), Implementation (Reassessing the patient, Determining need for assistance, Implementing interventions, Delegation, Documentation), Evaluation (Collecting outcome data, Comparing to outcomes, Relating activity to outcomes, Drawing conclusions, Terminating, continuing, or modifying care plan).
Describe the chain of infection.
What is...
Infectious agent (pathogen)
Reservoir (habitat)
Portal of Exit (route of escape)
Transmission (spread)
Portal of Entry (route of entering new host)
Susceptible host (new victim)
Complete an assessment of the integumentary system.
Describe Benner's stages of Nursing Expertise.
What is...
Stage 1: Novice
Stage 2: Advanced Beginner
Stage 3: Competent
Stage 4: Proficient
Stage 5: Expert
Define "Patient Rights."
What is...The fundamental care owed to patients by healthcare providers and the government.
Differentiate objective and subjective data and primary and secondary data.
What is...
Objective data - what you see
Subjective data - what the patient tells you
Primary data - data collected by the nurse
Secondary data - data collected by another nurse
Identify clinical manifestations and assessments strategies for the patient experiencing infection.
What is...
[FEVER]
[INFLAMMATION]
[PAIN when URINATING]
[COUGH]
[CHILLS/SWEAT]
[NASAL CONGESTION]
[FATIGUE]
[DIFFICULTY BREATHING]
[MENTAL CHANGES]
Identify the staging of pressure ulcers.
What is...
Stage 1: red with no return of white when touched (“nonblanchable”)
Stage 2:any skin break
Stage 3:subcutaneous tissue is exposed (check fat)
Stage 4: bone, muscle, tendon exposed : “tunnels”
Identify factors influencing Nursing Practice and accountability.
What is...
Economics
Consumer Demand
Science and Technology
Nurses need to expand their knowledge and skills as they adapt to meet new patient needs based on newer technology
Information Availability and Telecommunications
Legislation
Nursing Workforce Capacity
Advocacy
Identify principles of ethical decision making.
What is...Autonomy, Confidentiality, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Fidelity, Veracity, Justice, Advocacy.
Identify different methods of data collection.
What is...Observing & Interviewing (Directive, Nondirective).
Discuss the purpose of standard precautions in all healthcare settings.
What is...to prevent transmission of infection/to break the chain of infection.
Describe nursing strategies to treat contact dermatitis, pressure ulcers, to promote wound healing, and to prevent complications of wound healing.
What is...
- Proper assessment and planning
- Encouraging proper patient nutrition, infection prevention, skin hygiene and positioning
- RYB (Red, Yellow, Black) Treatment plan
- Heat/Cold therapy
Discuss respect for patient differences, values, and preferences.
What is...
Respect for patient differences, values, & preferences, looks like being objective and unbiased with the patients best interest in mind.
Discuss common ethical issues currently facing healthcare professionals.
What is...Issues in the care of HIV/AIDS clients, abortions, organ transplantation, end-of-life decisions, cost-containment issues, breaches of client confidentiality.
Compare and contrast nursing diagnoses, medical diagnoses, and collaborative problems.
What is...
Nursing diagnoses - a diagnosis initiated by a nurse in response to a medical diagnosis
Medical diagnoses - a diagnosis made by a healthcare professional to define a medical condition/disease or injury
Collaborative problems - problems where different healthcare providers work together to help a patient reach recovery
Determine the five assessment findings and the inflammatory process (REEDA).
What is...
R- Redness
E- Edema
E- Ecchymosis
D- Drainage
A- Approximation
Identify medications utilized to manage dermatological disorders.
What is...
OTC Medications - Most are topical,Efficacy depends on severity of disorder, patient’s skin type, skin care practice
Prescription Therapy - Examples: eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis, Oral or topical
Nonpharm - Proper wound management, Infection prevention, Proper nutrition
Supplemental Med - Vitamin, Mineral Supplements, **Some can interact with Rx meds
Describe how to demonstrate professional behavior in the clinical setting.
What is...
Professional performance standards refer to enhancing general practice, ensuring appropriate education level, and maintaining successful working relationships with peers and collaborating with the healthcare team.
Explain how nurses use knowledge of values to make ethical decisions and facilitate ethical decision making by clients.
What is...Collect/analyze/interpret data, State the dilemma (Who is involved?), Consider choices of action, Analyze the advantages/disadvantages of the situation, Make a decision, Making sure the nurse stays objective and a patient advocate.
Compare and contrast initial planning, ongoing planning, and discharge planning.
What is...
Initial planning - planning should be initiated as soon as possible after the initial assessment
Ongoing planning - done by all nurses who work with the client
Discharge planning - completed when the patient is being discharged and transferred to another facility or to home with follow-up home health care
Identify medications utilized for pain and inflammation.
What are...H2 blockers, Pepcid, prostaglandin inhibitors, ASA, NSAID, ibuprofen, Aleve, antibiotics, antihistamines
What are the normal skin changes in the aging process?
What is...
–Number of melanocytes decreases → skin appears more pale, translucent
–Hyperpigmentation lesions on areas exposed to sun
–Blood vessels of dermis more fragile -> Increased risk for bleeding under the skin (senile purpura)
–Loss and redistribution of fat in subcutaneous tissue → problems with thermoregulation, pressure ulcers over bony areas, medication absorptions