Points and Lines and Planes
What is a point in geometry?
A point in geometry is a location that has no size or dimension. It is represented by a dot and named with a capital letter.
What is the distance formula?
The distance formula is given by d = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}
What is the definition of complementary angles?
Complementary angles are two angles whose measures add up to 90 degrees.
What tools are commonly used for geometric constructions?
Common tools for geometric constructions include a compass, straightedge, pencil, and protractor.
What is the Pythagorean Theorem?
The Pythagorean Theorem states that in a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides:
a^2+b^2=c^2
Define a line segment.
A line segment is a part of a line that has two endpoints.
Calculate the distance between points (3, 4) and (7, 1).
d = \sqrt{(7 - 3)^2 + (1 - 4)^2} = \sqrt{4 + 9} = \sqrt{13}
How do you identify vertical angles?
Vertical angles are formed by the intersection of two lines and are opposite each other. They are equal in measure.
Describe how to construct a perpendicular bisector of a segment.
To construct a perpendicular bisector of a segment, find the midpoint of the segment and draw two arcs from each endpoint, then connect the intersection points of the arcs with a line.
How is the distance formula connected to the Pythagorean Theorem?
The distance formula is derived from the Pythagorean Theorem by considering the distance between two points as the hypotenuse of a right triangle.
What is the difference between a line and a line segment?
A line extends infinitely in both directions, while a line segment has a finite length with two endpoints.
What is the midpoint formula?
M = ( \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2} )
If two angles are supplementary and one measures 70 degrees, what is the measure of the other angle?
If two angles are supplementary, and one measures 70 degrees, the other angle measures ( 180 - 70 = 110 ) degrees.
Explain how to construct an angle bisector.
To construct an angle bisector, use a compass to draw arcs that intersect both sides of the angle and then draw a line from the vertex to the intersection of those arcs.
Name a real-world application of the distance formula.
A real-world application of the distance formula is in GPS technology to calculate the distance between two geographical locations.
How do you determine if three points are collinear?
Three points are collinear if they lie on the same straight line. You can check this by finding the slope between pairs of points and seeing if they are equal.
Find the midpoint between points (2, 6) and (8, 10).
M = \( \frac{2 + 8}{2}, \frac{6 + 10}{2} ) = (5, 8)
What is the definition of a linear pair?
A linear pair is a pair of adjacent angles with non-common sides that are opposite rays.
What is the process of constructing a congruent angle?
To construct a congruent angle, draw an arc from the vertex of the given angle and label the two points B and C, draw a similar arc from the endpoint of a line segment (D) and label the new point E, draw another arc with radius BC from point E and label the intersection F, and draw a straight line connecting D and F.
If a triangle has sides of lengths 3, 4, and 5, is it a right triangle? Explain.
A triangle with sides of lengths 3, 4, and 5 is a right triangle because it satisfies the Pythagorean Theorem: 3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2 .
Explain the difference between parallel lines and skew lines
Parallel lines are coplanar lines that never meet and are always the same distance apart.
Skew lines are noncoplanar lines that never meet and are not always the same distance apart.
How can the distance formula be derived from the Pythagorean Theorem?
The distance formula can be derived from the Pythagorean Theorem by considering the distance between two points as the hypotenuse of a right triangle formed by the horizontal and vertical distances between the points.
If angle ABC and CBD are complementary, the measure of ABC is 63 degrees, and angle DBE is supplementary to CBD, what is the measure of angle DBE?
The measure of angle DBE is 153 degrees
How could you construct a 22.5 degree angle?
Create a line segment, find the perpendicular bisector of that segment (creates 90 degree angle), use the process to create an angle bisector (creates two 45 degree angles), then use the angle bisecting process again (22.5 degree angle)
If S is in the interior of angle TRU, the measure of angle TRS is 4x+6, and the measure of angle SRU is 8x-6, what is the value of x that will make ray RS an angle bisector?
The value of x is 3