Pulmonary System
This condition occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the pleural space surrounding the lungs.
What is pleural effusion?
This type of AKI occurs when kidney hypoperfusion results from dehydration, blood loss, or heart failure.
What is prerenal acute kidney injury?
This virus attacks CD4 T-helper cells and weakens the immune system.
What is HIV?
This measurement represents the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute.
What is cardiac output?
This autoimmune disease primarily affects synovial joints and causes chronic inflammation, pain, and joint deformity.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
During a thoracentesis procedure, the nurse positions the patient sitting upright and leaning forward over a table in order to do this.
What is allow easier access to the pleural space and promote lung expansion?
This type of AKI occurs due to direct damage to the kidney tissue itself, such as nephrotoxic drugs or acute tubular necrosis.
What is intrarenal acute kidney injury?
This airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs.
What is tuberculosis (TB)?
This factor refers to the amount of stretch placed on the ventricles at the end of diastole.
What is preload?
This autoimmune disease can affect multiple organ systems and is commonly associated with a butterfly-shaped rash on the face.
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A patient with a chest tube suddenly has continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber. This likely indicates this complication.
What is an air leak in the system?
This type of AKI results from obstruction of urine flow caused by conditions such as kidney stones or enlarged prostate.
What is postrenal acute kidney injury?
This diagnostic test measures delayed hypersensitivity to TB antigens and is commonly used for TB screening.
What is the Mantoux (PPD) skin test?
This factor represents the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to pump blood into the systemic circulation.
What is afterload?
This neurological autoimmune disorder involves destruction of myelin in the central nervous system leading to vision problems, weakness, and coordination issues.
What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?
This implanted drainage system allows patients with recurrent pleural effusions to drain fluid at home.
What is a PleurX catheter?
During this phase of AKI, urine output increases dramatically but kidney function has not fully recovered.
What is the diuretic phase?
When HIV progresses to AIDS, this CD4 count threshold is commonly used to define the diagnosis.
What is CD4 count below 200?
This factor refers to the strength of the heart’s contraction during systole.
What is contractility?
This progressive neurological disorder destroys motor neurons and leads to muscle weakness and respiratory failure.
What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
A life-threatening complication of pleural effusion where infected fluid accumulates in the pleural space.
What is empyema?
A patient in the oliguric phase of AKI has minimal urine output and rising potassium levels. This electrolyte imbalance places the patient at risk for this life-threatening complication.
What are cardiac dysrhythmias from hyperkalemia?
Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis require this type of isolation precaution in the hospital.
What are airborne precautions?
Cardiac output is determined by multiplying these two physiological measurements.
What are heart rate and stroke volume?
These medications are commonly used to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in many autoimmune disorders.
What are corticosteroids?