1.a
What are the three main particles that make up an atom?
Protons,neutrons, electrons
What determines the atomic number of an element?
Protons
What is the main difference between ionic and covalent compounds?
Ionic is metal+ nonmetal and covalent is nonmetal+nonmetal
What are isotopes?
The number of neutrons in any specific type of atom can vary.
What is the atomic number of carbon?
6
What are valence electrons?
Outermost electrons in an atom
How do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
hen an ionic substance is molten or dissolved, the ions that make it up are free to move within the substance and carry charge through it.
What is a ion?
Ions are charged atoms resulting from differences in numbers of protons and electrons.
Describe the trend of atomic radius as you move from left to right across a period.
Increases
How can you predict the bonding behavior of an element using its valence electrons?
The type of chemical bonds formed (ionic, covalent, metallic) is directly influenced by the valence electrons
What structural feature of water contributes to its bent molecular shape?
ow the shared electrons that are in bonds AND those that are NOT in bonds of the central oxygen atom are arranged in space to minimize electron repulsion
How does the number of neutrons affect the mass number of an isotope?
Having too many or too few neutrons relative to protons results in an unstable, or radioactive, nucleus that will sooner or later break down to a more stable form
How does electronegativity change as you move down a group in the periodic table?
Decreases
Explain how the number of protons affects an element's position on the periodic table.
Protons have a slightly smaller mass than neutrons
Describe the process of how ionic compounds are formed.
If an atom has lost one or more electrons, it is positively charged and is called a cation. Because opposite charges attract (while like charges repel), these oppositely charged ions attract each other, forming ionic bonds. The resulting compounds are called ionic compounds.
What happens to the charge of an atom when it gains electrons?
becomes a negative ion
Why might elements with similar valence electron configurations exhibit similar chemical behavior?
similar tendencies to lose, gain, or share electrons
How does understanding the properties of elements help in predicting chemical reactions in real-world applications?
help us understand the properties of matter
Discuss how the solubility of covalent compounds can vary based on their structure.
substances with the same type of polarity will be soluble in one another
Why is it important to include the charge when writing the symbol for an ion?
Because the overall compound must be electrically neutral