Chemistry and Cell Biology
This is the smallest subatomic particle that carries a positive electrical charge.
What is a proton?
This standard reference position features an individual standing erect, facing forward, with arms at the side and palms facing forward.
What is the anatomical position?
Considered the largest organ of the human body, its primary and most vital function is protection.
What is the skin?
The typical adult human skeleton contains this exact number of total bones.
What is 206 bones?
This term describes the lateral movement of an extremity away from the midline of the body.
What is abduction?
Along with oxygen and hydrogen, this major element is one of the primary chemical building blocks of the human body.
What is carbon?
This vertical body plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
What is the frontal (or coronal) plane?
This outermost layer of the epidermis consists of dead, keratinized cells that form a waterproof barrier against light, heat, and bacteria.
What is the stratum corneum?
This manufacturing process of making blood cells (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets) occurs inside red bone marrow.
What is hematopoiesis?
This term describes bringing an extremity toward the midline of the body.
What is adduction?
Known as the "powerhouse of the cell," this organelle generates energy in the form of ATP through aerobic respiration.
What is the mitochondria?
This directional term describes an injury or structure located on the exact same side of the body as another reference mark.
What is ipsilateral?
These specialized glands produce an oily substance called sebum to keep the skin and hair soft.
What are sebaceous glands?
These specialized bone-building cells are responsible for constructing new bone tissue.
What are osteoblasts?
This wasting away or reduction in muscle size and strength occurs when a patient's limbs remain unused for long periods.
What is atrophy?
These specialized organelles contain digestive enzymes designed to break down waste, damaged cells, and foreign debris.
What are lysosomes?
This specific type of epithelial tissue lines the urinary bladder and is designed to stretch as the bladder fills with fluid.
What is transitional tissue (or transitional epithelium)?
This condition is characterized by localized white patches on the skin caused by a complete loss of melanin production.
What is vitiligo?
These fibrous connective tissue structures connect bone to bone, whereas tendons connect muscle to bone.
What are ligaments?
These muscle fibers contract quickly and powerfully to generate high force, but they fatigue very rapidly.
What are fast-twitch fibers?
Human somatic (body) cells contain this total number of chromosomes and replicate through the process of mitosis.
What is 46 total chromosomes (or 23 pairs)?
This soft connective tissue type serves primarily as protective padding for internal organs, insulation, and fat storage.
What is adipose tissue?
These specialized sweat glands become active during puberty and are responsible for producing an individual's personal body scent.
What are apocrine glands?
The axial skeleton is composed of three main structures: the skull, the vertebral column, and this structure.
What is the thoracic cage (or ribs)?
Nurses perform these exercises on bedridden or limited-mobility patients to preserve joint mobility and prevent loss of muscle strength.
What are Range of Motion (ROM) exercises?