Carbohydrates
The most common carbohydrate. It is present in most if not all life.
Glucose
What makes up proteins.
Amino acids or poly-peptide chains.
Name the two types of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
Name one of the three types of lipids.
Fats phosopholipids and steriods.
What element makes up the structure of all macromolecules
Carbon
A carbyhadrate can be made up of multiple monomers. What is a sugar with two sugars called.
Disaccharides
What does the R group in protein do.
Determine its shape and function
Name the three types of RNA
What type of lipids make up the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
What are the two types of covalent bonds called.
Nonpolar covalent bonds and polar covalent bonds.
What is the MAIN purpose for carybohdrates
Used for fuel for cells to synthasize ATP
What type of bond is formed in between AAs to bind them.
Peptide Bond
What are the four bases of DNA?
Adenine Guanine Cytosine and Thymine
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
The fatty acid tail of the phospholipid.
What are the four most important elements for life?
CHONP carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and phosphorus.
What carbohydrate do animals convert glocuse into to store energy in their muscles.
Glycogen
Name two of the five main types of protiens.
Enzyme, Antibody, Messenger, Structural and Transport.
What are the sugars in DNA and RNA called
DNA is deoxyribose
RNA is ribose
What is the chemical difference between saturated and unsaturated fats.
Saturated fats have the most hydrogen atoms possible in the structure of the molecule. (No carbon double bonds)
Unsaturated fats have double bonds and not the highest amount of hydrogen in their structure.
What is the process in which water is removed to bind molecules called.
Dehydration Sythsis
What carbohydrate forms cell walls?
Cellulose
Name the two types of enzymes and what they do.
Catabolic and Anabolic. Catabolic break things down and release energy and Anabolic enzymes build complex molecules and use energy.
Which two bases are purines?
Adenine and Guanine
Where are lipid steriods are recepted?
In the nucleus
Name the two properties of water that allow for capilary action
Adhesion and Coheshion