Foundational Documents
-argument that documented greivances against British and jusitified Rev. War
- incorporated ideas of social contract, natural rights from Enlightenment
Declaration of Independence
an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States
Daddy Washington
form of government in which citizens participate individually and directly in political decisions and policies that affect their lives, rather than through elected representatives.
Participatory democracy
They favored weaker state governments, a strong centralized government
Federalist- ideas
a body of rules prescribed by an authority superior to that of the state.
Natural law
A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War.
- created a firm league of friendship with states and gave national gov little to no power
Articles of Confederation
famously wrote that man has three natural rights: life, liberty and property
John Locke
form of government in which citizens participate individually and directly in political decisions and policies that affect their lives, rather than through elected representatives.
Elite democracy
When it came to national politics, they favored strong state governments, a weak central government, the direct election of government officials, short term limits for officeholders, accountability by officeholders to popular majorities, and the strengthening of individual liberties.
Antifederalist- ideas
an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry and in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades. The fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787.
Shays’ Rebellion
defends nonviolent strategy to resist racism
- people have moral responsibility to break unjust laws and take direct action rather than wait potentially forever for justice to come through the courts
Letter from Birmingham Jail
American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and the third President of the United States
Thomas Jefferson
This means that our government is elected by citizens. Here, citizens vote for their government officials. These officials represent the citizens' ideas and concerns in government.
Representative democracy
met between May and September of 1787 to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation.
Constitutional Convention
the Constitution and federal laws (of the types listed in the first part of the Clause) take priority over any conflicting rules of state law.
Supremacy clause
Argued for a confederation (state led gov) of small republics because it would better protect individual liberty.
- Constitution could create dangerous powerful central gov
Brutus 1
philosopher, writer, and political theorist whose treatises and novels inspired the leaders of the French Revolution and the Romantic generation.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
describes a political system where there is more than one center of power.
Pluralist democracy
warns citizens that the states have reached national humiliation. There is impending anarchy between the states and the borrowing and lending policies are causing turmoil.
Federalist 15- ideas
12th grade high school student, carried a concealed weapon into his San Antonio, Texas high school. He was charged under Texas law with firearm possession on school premises. The next day, the state charges were dismissed after federal agents charged Lopez with violating a federal criminal statute, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990. The act forbids "any individual knowingly to possess a firearm at a place that [he] knows...is a school zone." Lopez was found guilty following a bench trial and sentenced to six months' imprisonment and two years' supervised release.
United States v Lopez (1995)
Section of the Constitution laying out powers and responsibilities of the Judicial Branch
Article 3 Constitution
best known for The Spirit of Laws
Baron de Montesquieu
The type of democracy Norway has.
parliamentary democracy.
the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states.
Privileges and immunities clause
In 1816, Congress chartered The Second Bank of the United States. In 1818, the state of ? passed legislation to impose taxes on the bank. James W. McCulloch, the cashier of the ? branch of the bank, refused to pay the tax. The state appeals court held that the Second Bank was unconstitutional because the Constitution did not provide a textual commitment for the federal government to charter a bank.
McCulloch v Maryland (1819)