Unit 1 AP Government Review

Before the Constitution

1

Group that opposed the ratification of the constitution

Who are the anti-federalists

2

stated the colonists rationale to protect their natural rights by instituting a new government

What is the Declaration of Independence

3

Document that created strong states governments and a weak, ineffective central government

What is the Articles of Confederation

4

Exposed the division between rural poor and urban elite, and highlighted the need for a national military

What is Shay's Rebellion

5

Conflict that encouraged the British crown to impose taxes on the American colonists

What is the French and Indian War "Seven Year's War"

Contemporary Government Facts

1

Article establishes the House of Representatives and the Senate

What is Article I

2

Amendment gives states reserved powers to create laws not written in the Constitution

What is the 10th Amendment

3

Type of democracy where citizens elect "representatives" to make policy on their behalf

What is republicanism, representative democracy, or indirect democracy

4

Numbers of members in the U.S. House of Representatives

What is 435

5

In the 1803 case Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court established this power, allowing the Court to strike down laws it deems unconstitutional  

What is Judicial Review

Elements of Government

1

Each branch of government has power to limit the power of the other two branches of government

What is checks and balances

2

a legislature with two separate chambers

What is bicameral

3

Referring to a division of power between the federal government and the states

What is federalism

4

John Locke's life, liberty, and property inspired Jefferson's life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness in the Declaration of Independence

What are natural rights

5

the most serious danger to a republic according to James Madison and most others at the constitutional convention

What are factions

Clauses and Powers

1

In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled with McCulloch. Using this clause in Article 6 of the constitution, they struck down the idea that states are able to tax the federal government. 

What is the Supremacy Clause

2

This power allows Congress to regulate trade between states, with foreign nations, and with Native American tribes.

What is the Commerce Clause

3

These powers are not specifically listed in the Constitution but are derived from the Necessary and Proper Clause.

What is Implied Powers

4

This clause ensures that states honor the laws and legal proceedings of other states.

What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause

5

The Constitution gives these powers solely to the national government, such as coining money and declaring war.

What are Exclusive Powers

Theories and Compromises

1

This theory suggests that the wealthiest individuals control policy.

What is the Elite Theory, Elitism

2

resolved the issue of counting slaves into the population for apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives

What is the 3/5 Compromise

3

A resolution of the New Jersey and Virginia Plans creating a bicameral congress with equal representation in the Senate and apportionment based on population in the House of Representatives

What is the Connecticut "Great" Compromise

4

Theory that the government is given the consent of the people; the people serve the government and in return, the government serves the people.

What is the Social Contract

5

Theory suggests that too many groups attempting to influence policy weakens government; votes do not represent the majority of the population, but the ballot with the most votes.

What is hyper-pluralist theory