Before the Constitution
Required Documents and Cases
Elements of Government
Ratification of the Constitution and Beyond
Theories and Compromises
100
Group that opposed the ratification of the constitution
Who are the anti-federalists
100

Ruled that the Safe School Zone Act of 1990 was unconstitutional

What is US v. Lopez

100
Each branch of government has power to limit the power of the other two branches of government
What is checks and balances
100
voting rights, requirements, and eligibility were left to these governmental agents by the founders.
What are the states
100

This theory suggests that the wealthiest individuals control policy.

What is the Elitist Theory

200

A founding principle of the United States Constitution. A phrase for restraining the power of the central government

What is Limited Government 

200

The Supreme Court established the power of judicial review in this landmark case

What is Marbury vs. Madison

200

process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis

What is selective incorporation

200

Definition: powers not given to the national government are reserved to the state

What is the Tenth Amendment

200

Congress shall not have power to restrict the slave trade until 1808

What is the Compromise on Importation

300

Document that created strong states governments and a weak, ineffective central government

What is the Articles of Confederation

300

Advocates for separation of powers and checks and balances as a crucial aspect of the central government

What is Federalist No. 51
300

Example: Government offering states money to repair infrastructure but requiring they pass a law making the minimum drinking age 21 years old 

What is a fiscal federalism

300

Powers only given to the national government

What are Exclusive Powers?

300

Created a system for electing the president by electors from each state rather than by popular vote or by congressional vote

What is the Electoral College

400
stated the colonists rationale to protect their natural rights by instituting a new government
What is the Declaration of Independence
400
the most serious danger to a republic according to James Madison and most others at the constitutional convention
What are factions
400
Referring to a division of power between the federal government and the states
What is federalism
400

Gives Congress the ability to expand national power

What is the Necessary and Proper Clause

400

Policymaking that is influenced by non-governmental groups

What is the Pluralist Theory?

500
Exposed the division between rural poor and urban elite, and highlighted the need for a national military
What is Shay's Rebellion
500

Described a fear that the United States would not be able to function as a large republic

What is Brutus No. 1

500
Political definition of granting power to an independent executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch.
What is separation of powers
500
these laws made by congress to punish a criminal without a jury trial were prohibited by the constitution
What are bills of attainder
500

Theory suggests that citizens give up their most extreme rights in exchange for protection under a government

Social Contract Theory

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