Before the Constitution
Group that opposed the ratification of the Constitution
Who are the Anti-Federalists?
Powers shared between the federal and state governments.
What are concurrent powers?
Each branch of government has power to limit the power of the other two branches of government.
What is checks and balances?
This resolved the issue of counting slaves into the population for apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives.
What is the Three-Fifths Compromise?
Stated the colonists' rationale to protect their natural rights by instituting a new government.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Article I Section 8 of the Constitution, which gives Congress broad power to "make all Laws which shall be..."
What is necessary and proper?
John Locke wrote that all people have these, which are reflected in the first nine amendments to the Constitution.
What are natural rights?
What is Federalist No. 10?
Document that created strong state governments and a weak, ineffective central government.
What is the Articles of Confederation?
States that powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution are reserved to the states.
What is the Tenth Amendment?
Referring to a division of power between the federal government and the states.
What is federalism?
This paper argued that the Constitution would encroach on states' rights, and should not be ratified without a bill of rights.
What is Brutus No. 1?
Incident in Massachusetts that highlighted the need for a stronger national government.
What is Shays' Rebellion?
What did the Supreme Court rule during United States v. Lopez (1995)?
That gun possession inside a local school zone is not economic activity, and therefore not subject to Congressional oversight under the commerce clause.
Granting power to an independent executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch.
What is separation of powers?
Voting rights, requirements, and eligibility were left to these governmental agents by the Founders.
What are state governments?
What did the Supreme Court rule during McCulloch v. Maryland?
Interest groups such as the NRA and Greenpeace are an example of what kind of democracy?
What is pluralist democracy?
The Connecticut (Great) Compromise resolved this dispute during the Constitutional Convention.
What is the issue of representation for each state in the U.S. Congress?