Vocabulary
This latin prefix means "multiple" or "many"
What is poly-?
This is the name for everything within a cell that is not the nucleus
What is cytoplasm?
This is a "building block" of a larger biomolecule
What is a monomer?
These are the six primary elements found in the human body
What are CHONPS (Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Sulfur)?
The cell membrane is also known more specifically as this
What is a phospholipid bilayer?
This is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
What is atomic mass?
This is a small ring of genetic material that contains accessory genes
What is a plasmid?
This is the removal of a water molecule from two or more "building blocks" to create a larger molecule
What is dehydration synthesis/reaction?
This is a shape formed by carbon structures composed of 5-6 carbons that provides stability to a molecule
What is a ring structure?
This is osmosis
These are the three domains of life
What are eukarya, bacteria, and archaea?
This is the process by which chemical bonds in a protein are destroyed
What is denaturation?
This is the type of bond between a fatty acid and a glycerol to form a lipid
What is ester linkage?
These isomers are mirrored structures due to having asymmetric bonding
What are enantiomers?
This is the stuff that does the dissolving in a solution
What is a solvent?
This is the understanding that DNA transcription leads to RNA translation which leads to protein synthesis
What is the central dogma?
This is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes in an animal cell
What is a lysosome?
These are a group of nitrogenous bases with one 5 membered ring fused to a 6 membered ring
What are purines?
This is a category of molecule with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions
What is an amphipathic molecule?
This is the pressure needed to prevent the inward flow of water across a semipermeable membrane
What is osmotic pressure?
This latin prefix means "equal" or "like"
What is iso-?
These are anchoring junctions that prevent cells from being pulled apart
What are desmosomes?
This is the process by which hydrogen is manually affixed to carbon, often in the presence of a metal catalyst
What is hydrogenation?
These are the seven functional groups and their molecular formulas
What is hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (-CO), carboxyl (-COOH), amino (-NH2), sulfhydryl (-SH), phosphate (-OPO3-2), and methyl (-CH3)
These are the three types of solutions based on their solute concentration
What are hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions?