Who proposed the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
This is the name of the boundary is when two plates move apart
DIVERGENT
_______________ faults form when the hanging wall drops down. (<----- ----->)
NORMAL
What is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the point where an earthquake originates?
Epicenter
What is WED?
Weathering - break down
Erosion - movement
Deposition - drop-off
ALL OF SEDS!
What is the driving force behind plate tectonics?
Convection Currents
CONVERGENT
___________ faults form when the hanging wall moves up (---> <---)
REVERSE
What type of seismic wave travels the fastest and can travel through solids and liquids?
P-wave (compressional wave)
NUCLEUS - P + N
1. Continental Puzzle
2. Matching Fossils
3. Ancient Climates
4. Seafloor Spreading
This is the name of the plate boundary when two plates slide past each other
TRANSFORM
______________ faults have walls that move sideways, not up and down (//)
TRANSFORM or STRIKE-SLIP
What type of seismic wave travels the slowest but causes the most damage?
L-wave (surface waves)
This is the PHYSICAL solid layer of Earth WHERE CONVECTION CURRENTS occur?
ASTHENOSPHERE
What are the three lines of evidence for Plate Movement?
1. Paleomagnetism
2. Ocean Drilling
3. Hot Spots
What is the Ring of Fire and why does it exist?
- Convergent Plate Boundary
- Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence causes the denser plate to SUBDUCT, then molten material rises back to the surface where it erupts and forms and island arc
This force is associated with divergence or normal faults
TENSION
What is the name of the scale that measures the energy released from an earthquake?
Moment Magnitude Scale
This is the PHYSICAL layer of Earth in which plate tectonics occur and is solid and brittle ranging from 0km to 100km deep
LITHOSPHERE
What is the difference between the Physical & Chemical layers of the Earth?
Physical: HOW they respond to stress
Chemical: WHAT they are made of
What are continental crust and oceanic crust made of? Which is denser?
O - Basalt - DENSER
C- granite -LESS DENSE
This force is associated with transform or strike-slip faults
SHEARING
How are stress and strain related?
A force (i.e., compression, tension, shearing) put on a material causes stress; the amount that material deforms or changes shape is the strain on that object.
This is the CHEMICAL layer of Earth that is dark in color and extremely dense that is directly below the oceanic and continental crust
MANTLE