General Chemistry
What is the smallest particle that makes up all elements?
the atom
In which chemical bond are the electrons transferred from one atom to another?
an ionic bond
Which chemical bond holds together a single water molecule?
polar covalent bonds
What are the four macromolecules?
Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
What is the term for the units put together to form a polymer?
monomers
What is a substance consisting of all the same type of atom?
an element
In which chemical bond are the electrons shared equally?
a nonpolar covalent bond
What is the term for the attraction between water molecules?
cohesion/hydrogen bonding
What is the term for the monomers that make up all carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
What is the term for the monomers that make up all nucleic acids?
nucleotides
What is a substance consisting of fixed ratios of different types of atoms?
a compound
In which chemical bond are the electrons shared unequally?
a polar covalent bond
In what state of matter is water the most dense?
liquid
What is the term for the monomers that make up all proteins?
amino acids
What are the two main components for all lipids?
fatty acid tails and glycerol head
What are the types of elements needed in large quantities in the body called?
macroelements
What interaction occurs when polar bonds cause partial negative and partial positive ends of a molecule to form?
hydrogen bonding
What is the term for the attraction between water molecules and other molecules that aids in transpiration?
Adhesion
What are the four types of protein structures?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
What bonds hold together amino acids to make proteins?
peptide bonds
What are the types of elements only needed in small quantities in the body called?
Trace elements
What type of chemical bonding is the main component of all lipids?
nonpolar covalent bonds
What is the term for the amount of heat it takes to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degrees Celsius?
the specific heat of water
What is the term for nitrogenous bases with a double-ringed structure?
purines
What polysaccharide is found in bugs?
chitin