Properties of Water
What is the correct amount of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water
Two hydrogen, one oxygen
Definition of a monomer.
A small molecule that can be bonded to like molecules.
The four types of macromolecules.
Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Give two functions of proteins
repair and build body tissues, speed up chemical reactions, move oxygen through blood
What does an enzyme do?
Speeds up a reaction/ assist in breaking down or building up molecules
When water sticks to other water molecules
Cohesion
Definition of a polymer.
A substance made from smaller monomers into long chains
Two examples of nucleic acids.
RNA and DNA.
Short term energy
Carbohydrate
Lactase is found in the stomach. What would be an optimal PH for efficiency
2-3
The thing that holds the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom between two separate water molecules.
Hydrogen Bonds
Chemical components all 4 macromolecules contain
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
An example of a carbohydrate polymer
Starch or cellulose
Give two functions of lipids
long term energy, insulation, hormones
Activation Energy
Energy required to make the reaction happen. (Enzymes lower this)
Property that prevents oceans from boiling with constant sun exposure
Water has a high specific heat
The name of the monomer for proteins.
Amino acids.
Lipid Monomers
glycerol or fatty acid
Give two functions of nucleic acids
genetic material storage and copying, coding for proteins
List the three things that can affect an enzyme.
Temperature, pH, and saturation/ratio, inhibitors
Why water is such a good solvent. (Name and explain)
Polarity. Negative end and positive end bonds to any substance with a charge
What nucleic acids are composed of.
They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
Lipid made of 3 fatty acids and a glycerol backbone
Triglycerides
This type lipids have a double bond attaching the carbon to hydrogen in a long chain (that looks broken) and can impair blood flow in the body
saturated fats
Site where enzyme and substrate meet and react
Activation Site