Nature of Science
Which variable (independent or dependent) is CHANGING?
Independent
Water is known as the "universal" _______, meaning it can dissolve many different types of substances
Solvent
What is the monomer/polymer of Carbohydrates, and function
Monomer: Monosaccharide
Polymer: Polysaccharide
Function: Short term energy
Enzyme activity is affected by which two factors
PH & Temperature
Covalent Bond
Bond when molecules are sharing electrons
Mary is testing two stain removers to see which one works best to remove grease from a towel. She put the same amount and type of grease on each of 10 towels. She then treated each towel with the same amount of stain remover. She used each type of stain remover on 5 towels. What is the independent variable in Mary's investigation?
Type of Stain remover
This property of water explains why large bodies of water, like oceans, don't change temperature quickly, and it takes a lot of energy to warm water up
High Specific Heat Capacity
What is the monomer/polymer of a Lipid and its function
Monomer: Fatty Acids & Glycerol
Polymer: Lipid
Function: Long-term energy
What Macromolecule category do Enzymes fall under
Protein
Breaking down bonds in a protein
Frieda wanted to look at plant growth in five different soul samples. She planted the same types of seeds in identical containers and left the containers together in full sunlight. She gave each plant the same amount of water and charted the growth of each plant stem. Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?
Plant Growth
What property of Water allows ice to float
Density- Water in its solid form is less dense than in its solid form
What is the monomer/polymer of Proteins and 1 example
Monomer: Amino Acid
Polymer: Poly Peptide
Example: Phospholipids, enzymes, collagen, keratin
What is the purpose of an Enzyme and how does it work?
To speed up the rate of reactions by LOWERING the activation energy needed
what is Hydrophillic and Hydrophobic, and what macromolecules could fit into each category
Hydrophilic- Water loving- Carbohydrates
Hydrophobic- Water hating- Lipids
A student designs an experiment to determine how the kind of surface affects the amount of force needed to roll a marble 10 meters. What is the independent variable of this experiment?
The different surfaces
Explain how plants get water from the soil up the stem and to all parts of the plant
Capillary action- Cohesion and Adhesion work together.
Cohesion- keeps the water together
Adhesion- the water sticks to the plant walls
The adhesion forces are stronger than the force of gravity and cause the water to travel upwards.
What is the monomer /polymer of Nucleic Acids and their functions
Monomer: Nucleotide
Polymer: Nucleic Acid
Function: Store/Transmit genetic information, Synthesize proteins
Where on the Enzyme does the substrate bind
The active site
Cohesion & Adhesion
Cohesion- attraction of molecules to themselves
Adhesion- attraction of molecules to other substances
Gilbert designs an experiment to determine how the shape of an object affects the amount of force needed to move the object 5 meters. What is the Independent Variable of this experiment?
Shape of the object
What property of water allowed the paperclip to float on the surface and how did it work?
Surface tension - Caused by Cohesion attraction of the hydrogen bonds in water
What is the chemical composition of each macromolecule
Carbohydrate: CHO
Lipids: CHO
Protein: CHON
Nucleic Acid: CHONP
What would be the name of the enzyme that breaks down Lactose
Lactase
All enzymes end in -ase
Dehydration Synthesis
Breaking down polymers into monomers, loses water in the process