Terms to Know
The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and/or exploiting it economically.
Colonialism
What was life for Indigenous people (Native Americans) like before the arrival of Europeans?
Native Americans lived in complex and advanced societies
What geographic feature did early colonial settlements settle near?
The Atlantic coast and rivers
Which colonial region imported the most amount of enslaved people?
The Southern Colonies
Massive global exchange of living things, including people, animals, plants, and diseases, between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
Columbian Exchange
What are some reasons Great Britain (Mother Country) utilized mercantilism?
They were able to profit from trade with the colonies and restrict who the colonies could trade with.
What was the prominent economic activity of the Southern Colonies?
Large plantations growing cash crops
A system of bondage in which a person has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold.
Enslavement
Reasons why people chose to leave their home country and come to the colonies (term)
Push/Pull Factors
What was the name of the Italian who sailed to Hispaniola in 1492 and who did he sail for?
Christopher Columbus and Spain
What did Virginia establish that promoted self-government?
House of Burgess
What is the name of the treacherous route that enslaved people took to the Americas?
The Middle Passage
A system of political economy based on government regulation. Beginning in 1650, Britain enacted the Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
Mercantilism
What was a negative effect of the Columbian Exchange?
Many Native Americans died from European diseases
What religious group made its home in the colony of Pennsylvania?
Quakers
System in which workers contracted for service for a specified period. In exchange for agreeing to work allotted time without wages in the colonies, they received passage across the Atlantic, room and board, and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
Indentured servant
A term used to describe British colonial policy during the reigns of George I and George II. By relaxing their supervision of internal colony affairs, royal bureaucrats inadvertently assisted the rise of self-government in North America.
Salutary Neglect
Where else was enslaved labor being trafficked during the transatlantic slave trade?
The Caribbean and South America
What was the name of the documents that depicts one of the first forms of self-government?
Mayflower Compact
Why did the colonies rely on enslaved Africans for labor instead of enslaved Native Americans?
Native Americans were dying from diseases brought over from the Eastern Hemisphere