Endocrine
These chemical messengers are released by endocrine glands to regulate and coordinate a range of bodily functions
What are hormones?
This hormone can be found in pancreas. It works like a key that unlock cells and allowing glucose from your food to enter your cells and provide energy.
What is insulin?
This part of the nervous system is made up of your brain and spinal cord.
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
This is any self-regulating biological process that aims to produce a relatively stable, constant internal environment for optimal functioning of the body.
What is homeostasis?
This is where hormones' transport throughout the body to reach target cells
What is the bloodstream?
The main function of this hormone in men is to help develop male characteristics, such as a deep voice, facial hair, expression, and muscle mass, and it's essential for sperm production.
What is testosterone?
This division of the peripheral nervous system communicates sensory information from inside and outside the body to the CNS.
What is afferent?
Found in muscles, tendons, joints, and the inner ear, these receptor cells detect the position of our body and body parts in space.
What are proprioceptors?
This mechanism of hormonal release refers to the control of hormone release in response to changes in chemical levels within extracellular fluid, such as blood sugar levels.
What are humoral stimuli?
These two hormones, released by the adrenal glands, primarily trigger the fight-or-flight response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar.
What is adrenaline and noradrenaline? (Bonus 50 points for the "other" term)
Scenario: A sprinter hears the starter gun and immediately pushes off the blocks. What neuron was activated?
Efferent
These specialized nerve endings throughout your body detect when internal temperature deviates from 37°C, sending vital signals to the brain to initiate cooling or warming mechanisms.
What are thermoreceptors?
This chemical neurotransmitter, helps regulate mood, sleep, appetite, digestion, and memory. Low levels can lead to depression or anxiety.
The autonomic nervous system is further subdivided into these two divisions, known for "rest and digest" and "fight or flight" responses.
What are the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?
Cells that sense changes in the chemical composition of their environment
What are chemoreceptors?
If hormones travel extensively through the blood, these hormones act on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream and are typically inactivated quickly.
What are local hormones?
These two hormones, both produced by the pancreas, work in tandem to maintain blood glucose homeostasis by either lowering high blood sugar or raising low blood sugar.
What are insulin and glucagon?
This neuron send movement instructions from the brain to muscles to perform actions.
What is efferent?
Located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries, these specialized nerves detect changes in blood pressure.
What are baroreceptors?