Perspectives in Psychology
Vocabulary
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100
The area of research in psychology most concerned with understanding the role of the brain, nervous system and endocrine system is: a. psychometrics b. developmental psychology c. clinical psychology d. physiological psychology
What is physiological psychology
100
. A variable, other than the independent variable, that seems likely to influence the dependent variable in a study is referred to as a(n): a. extraneous variable b. inverse bias c. redundant variable d. covariate
What is extraneous variable
100
A psychology professor studying the link between social networks and grades in college asks all of his students to fill out a survey relating to his research. A student who does not complete the survey will have the final grade reduced by 10 full points. It is possible that this professor's research violates the ethical principle of: a. voluntary participation b. full disclosure c. right to privacy d. protection from harm
What is voluntary participation
100
Those who argue against the use of animals in psychological research say that: a. most of this research involves chimps and other primates b. there is very little animal research actually conducted today c. animals should have the same rights in research as people do d. research animals are not protected by any ethical guidelines
What is animals should have the same rights in research as people do
100
One part of the definition of psychology that is accepted today is that it includes the profession that: a. combines the science of behavior with the philosophy of mind to provide a more holistic view of people b. applies our knowledge of behavior and the processes that underlie it to solving practical problems c. enables us to control the behavior of individuals so that they don't pose a danger to society d. helps us to understand the nature and causes of psychological disorders and how to treat them effectively
What is applies our knowledge of behavior and the processes that underlie it to solving practical problems
200
A psychologist interested in determining the adaptive values of behaviors (over many generations) in humans is focusing on the ________ perspective. a. behaviorist b. psychoanalytic c. evolutionary d. humanistic
What is evolutionary
200
Recording all instances of an event for a particular time period (such as how many times an older brother strikes his younger brother) without the subjects' awareness is an example of: a. compiling a case study b. correlational research c. naturalistic observation d. conducting an experiment
What is naturalistic observation
200
Historically, psychologists have tended to: a. undersample ethnic minorities b. undersample college students c. oversample elderly adults d. oversample women
What is undersample ethnic minorities
200
A scientist who wished to conduct important research that had the potential to harm the participants would most likely use: a. introspection b. deception c. placebos d. animals
What is animals
200
Suppose that there is a correlation of -0.58 between how many carrots a person eats and that person's weight. From this correlation alone, you can conclude that: a. nothing; because the correlation is negative, there is no relationship b. eating more carrots causes a person to lose weight c. if you know how many carrots a person eats, you can predict his or her weight d. eating more carrots causes a person to gain weight
What is if you know how many carrots a person eats, you can predict his or her weight
300
Structuralists believed that the goal of psychology was to: a. describe external, observable behaviors b. carefully observe our own private experiences c. analyze consciousness into its basic elements d. investigate the purpose of consciousness
What is analyze consciousness into its basic elements
300
A theory is: a. a statement of research results that have been proven to be correct b. a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations c. a personal hunch or educated guess that has yet to be tested d. a proven statement about the relationship between two or more variables
What is a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations
300
Joseph notices that whenever his daughter eats candy she gets hyperactive, and believes that the sugar is responsible. However, the candy she eats is chocolate, which contains a form of caffeine, which might also cause hyperactivity. He can't know the true effect of the sugar, because the caffeine is a(n): a. illusory variable b. confounding variable c. dependent variable d. independent variable
What is confounding variable
300
Dr. Smith is interested in the reactions of American adults to a new law that just passed. Dr. Smith calls 5,000 people at their homes between the hours of 1:00 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. on weekday afternoons. In this example Dr. Smith has most likely selected: a. a representative sample b. a biased sample c. a placebo population d. a statistically significant population
What is a biased sample
300
What is the most important advice you should give to someone about to take a multiple-choice test? a. Do the most difficult and time-consuming questions first. b. You should always stick with your first answer. c. Always read all the options before you select an answer. d. Make sure you pick an equal number of all options (A, B, C, etc.)
What is Always read all the options before you select an answer.
400
The fact that your behavior and performance in this course will be affected by both personal and situational factors supports: a. the single-cause explanation of behavior b. the dual-cause explanation of behavior c. a multifactorial causation of behavior approach d. a cultural factor analytic approach to behavior
What is a multifactorial causation of behavior approach
400
A hypothesis is: a. a conclusion drawn from an experiment b. a prediction about the relationship between two or more variables c. a random guess as to what might happen in an experiment d. a system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations
What is a prediction about the relationship between two or more variables
400
In an experiment on how seating affects grades, a researcher had students sit in randomly assigned seats for a lecture and then take a test. The researcher found that those sitting in front got higher test scores. In this experiment, the INDEPENDENT variable would be: a. the seating location b. the college students c. the test scores d. the lecture
What is the seating location
400
If we wish to generalize results to a population, we must first: a. oversample researcher selected subgroups in the population b. select a biased sample from the population of interest c. operationally define all the confounding variables d. draw a representative sample from the population of interest
What is draw a representative sample from the population of interest
400
With which of the following areas does clinical psychology overlap the most? a. School psychology b. Industrial psychology c. Counseling psychology d. Social psychology
What is Counseling psychology
500
You just called your new dating partner by your old partner's name. They tell you that this "slip of the tongue" means that you unconsciously want to get back together with your old partner again. They are probably operating from the ______ perspective in psychology. a. humanistic b. physiological c. behavioral d. psychoanalytic
What is psychoanalytic
500
Psychology is based on observation rather than reasoning, speculation or common sense. We can say, therefore, that psychology is: a. rational b. empirical c. speculative d. behavioral
What is empirical
500
In order to determine if the amount of reward influences learning, groups of rats were given either a large, medium, small, or no food pellet upon successfully completing a complex maze. The number of wrong turns made before completing the maze was noted on each of ten trials. The NUMBER OF WRONG TURNS MADE is an example of: a. an independent variable b. a control variable c. a dependent variable d. an extraneous variable
What is a dependent variable
500
In order to determine if the amount of reward influences learning, groups of rats were given either a large, medium, small, or no food pellet upon successfully completing a complex maze. The number of wrong turns made before completing the maze was noted on each of ten trials. The SIZE OF REWARD in this experiment is an example of: a. a dependent variable b. an independent variable c. an extraneous variable d. a confounded variable
What is an independent variable
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