Living Things & Bacteria
What is bacteria and how are they treated?
A single-celled organism prokaryote, that can be found anywhere
which type of cell has a nucleus?
eukaryotic
What is the cell membrane?
The cell structure that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is a symptom?
A sign or feeling that indicates a person may be sick, such as coughing, pain, or fatigue.
What is the immune response?
A body defense that identifies and helps destroy pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.
what are two structures eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells have in common?
cell membrane, genetic material
How are viruses and bacteria different?
Unlike bacteria, viruses must enter a host cell to make more copies of themselves.
What is passive transport?
The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without using cellular energy.
What is homeostasis?
The process of maintaining stable internal conditions within acceptable ranges
What is negative feedback?
A feedback process that reduces a change and helps return a body condition to its normal range.
True or False: the ability to move is a characteristic of living thing
false
What is exponential growth?
This type of population growth begins slowly, increases rapidly, and forms a J-shaped curve when resources are abundant.
What is active transport?
A cell uses energy to move particles from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
Which body system releases hormones to the blood stream to allow the circulatory system to carry the hormone to the target location?
endocrine system
What is positive feedback?
A feedback process that increases or amplifies a change, such as amplifying the immune response during an infection
How can bacteria cause health problems?
A bacterial infection can cause problems when these organisms multiply rapidly or produce substances that damage tissues.
Food, water, space, disease, and competition can slow population growth because they are examples of these.
What are limiting factors?
What is a eukaryotic cell, and how is it different from a prokaryotic cell?
A cell has a nucleus, mitochondria, and other membrane-bound organelles. Identify the type of cell and contrast it with a prokaryote.
what are the levels of organization found in a multicellular organism?
cells, tissues, organ, organ system
How can antibiotic use contribute to antibiotic resistance through natural selection, and why is this not an example of negative feedback?
An antibiotic kills most bacteria, but a few resistant bacteria survive and reproduce. Explain how this example connects antibiotics, natural selection, and feedback in a biological system.
How does natural selection lead to antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
A population of bacteria contains a few individuals with inherited traits that help them survive a particular antibiotic. After treatment, those bacteria reproduce and become more common.
what structure do all cells contain?
genetic material
How do cells communicate through receptors and signal pathways?
A cell receives a chemical signal from another cell, changes its internal activity, and produces a response. Explain how the cell membrane and specialized proteins help make this communication possible.
Why do we get fevers, and how can a fever affect homeostasis?
During an infection, the body raises its temperature. Explain how this response may help fight infection and why an extremely high temperature can become dangerous.
How does a negative-feedback loop maintain homeostasis through internal signaling?
A graph shows a body condition moving away from its normal range, triggering a response that brings it back toward the range. Analyze the graph and identify the sensor, control center, effector, and type of feedback involved.