Migration
What does migration mean?
Moving from one place to another.
What does megafauna mean?
Large or giant animals, especially those living in prehistoric times.
What is an artifact?
An object made or used by humans in the past.
What does Paleolithic mean?
Old Stone Age.
What does Neolithic mean?
New Stone Age.
What is a push factor?
Something that makes people want or need to leave a place, such as war, drought, or lack of food.
Name one example of Ice Age megafauna.
Woolly mammoth, mastodon, giant ground sloth, or saber-toothed cat.
What two major activities helped early humans get food before farming?
Hunting and gathering.
What type of tools did Paleolithic people commonly use?
Simple tools made from chipped stone, along with tools made from materials such as bone and wood.
What major development changed how many people obtained food during the Neolithic period?
Farming and the domestication of animals.
What is a pull factor?
Something that attracts people to a new place, such as fertile land, water, or safety.
What does extinction mean?
When all members of a species die out.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
How did the shift from the Paleolithic period to the Neolithic period change the way humans lived? Include at least two specific changes in your response.
People increasingly shifted from hunting and gathering to farming and raising animals. Many began living in permanent settlements, producing food surpluses, and developing specialized jobs.
Were most Paleolithic people farmers or hunter-gatherers?
Hunter-gatherers.
What does domestication mean?
Taming and breeding animals or cultivating plants for human use.
How did the land bridge called Beringia help early humans migrate to the Americas?
It connected northeastern Asia and Alaska, allowing people to travel between the regions when sea levels were lower.
Identify two possible causes of the extinction of some Ice Age megafauna.
Climate change and human hunting. Their relative importance varied by species and region.
Map readers would use a map’s legend or key to _______.
A. calculate the distance between two large cities
B. find the name of a mountain range
C. identify areas that humans use for farming
D. compare the sizes of continents and oceans
C. identify areas that humans use for farming
How did fire help Paleolithic people survive?
It provided warmth, light, protection, and a way to cook food.
Why did many Neolithic people begin living in permanent settlements?
Farming provided a more dependable food supply and encouraged people to settle near their fields and animals.
A group leaves an area because of a severe drought and moves somewhere with rivers and fertile land. Identify one push factor and one pull factor.
Push — severe drought.
Pull — rivers and fertile land.
How might the end of the Ice Age have contributed to the extinction of some megafauna?
Warming temperatures changed habitats and food sources. Some animals could not adapt quickly enough, and other pressures, including human hunting, may also have contributed.
Why did early humans often move from place to place?
They followed animals, searched for food and water, and responded to changing conditions.
Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of the Paleolithic hunter-gatherer lifestyle.
Advantage — people could move to find new food sources.
Disadvantage — food supplies could be unpredictable, and travel was difficult.
Explain two ways the Neolithic Revolution changed human society.
Possible answers include permanent settlements, population growth, food surpluses, specialized jobs, and the development of more complex communities.