Protestant Reformers
A list of arguments that challenged the churches authority and indulgences written by Martin Luther
95 theses
Developed the first printing press; this allowed ideas to spread more quickly.
Johannes Gutenberg
Renaissance Definition
means “rebirth”; a great cultural revival that swept thru Europe from the 1300’s - 1600’s.
King of England from 1509 to 1547; his desire to annul his marriage led to England's break with the Roman Catholic Church, and its embrace of Protestantism.
King Henry VIII
a way of thinking & learning that stresses the importance of human abilities & actions.
Humanism
protestant reformer who introduced the idea of predestination & Calvinism.
John Calvin
a new form of Christianity that was produced out of the Reformation.
Protestantism
Wealthiest family in florence; got most of their wealth from banking; patrons of the arts.
Medici Family
an act that made the King of England head of the new Church of England.
Act of Supremacy
the study of the basic ideas about the meaning of life.
the council where Martin Luther was asked to recant his statements, & he refused.
Diet of Worms
German Monk who launched the Protestant Reformation by creating the “95 Theses”
Martin Luther
the buying and selling of goods on a large scale.
Commerce
the great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588 that was defeated by the English.
Spanish Armada
the view that religion need not to be the center of human affairs.
Secularism
a Protestant theology of John Calvin that believed in salvation by faith & predestination.
Calvinism
a movement within Western Christianity in the 1500’s; it posed a religious and political challenge to the Roman Catholic Church
Protestant Reformation
association of Merchants or craftsman with the same interests or aims.
Guild
the skill of holding discussions between nations & resolving issues peacefully.
Diplomacy
Early Renaissance monk & scholar who believed you needed both faith & reason for knowledge.
Thomas Aquinas
the idea that God has already chosen who will go to Heaven and who will not.
Predestination
certificates issued by the church that granted a pardon for a person’s sin.
Indulgences
designed by Filippo Brunelleschi's the greatest engineering project of the time.
The dome of Cathedral
Catholic King who sent the Spanish Armada to England
King Philip II
“Father of Humanism”; Believed no conflict should exist between secular achievements & a relationship w/ God.
Petrarch