Big Bang Theory
What theory explains that the universe began in an extremely hot, dense state and has been expanding?
The Big Bang Theory.
Which model places Earth at the center of the universe?
Geocentric model.
What star is at the center of our solar system?
Sun
Which ancient Greek scientist is associated with the geocentric model?
Ptolemy
Which unit would be most useful for describing the distance between Earth and the Sun?
Astronomical Unit (AU)
What does the Big Bang theory say happened to the universe after its beginning?
The universe expanded and continues to expand.
Which model places the Sun at the center of the solar system?
Heliocentric model.
What force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
Gravitational Force/ Gravitational Pull
Which scientist developed the heliocentric model that challenged the geocentric model?
Copernicus
Why are the outer planets are called gas giants?
They are composed primarily of gases and are much larger than the rocky inner planets.
What evidence shows that the universe is still expanding?
Scientists observe that distant galaxies are moving away from one another, showing that the universe is expanding.
Why did the heliocentric model better explain the motion of the planets?
The heliocentric model explained the apparent motion of planets more effectively by placing the Sun at the center.
What is the name of the galaxy containing our solar system?
Milky Way Galaxy
Which scientist used observations of planets to provide evidence supporting the heliocentric model?
Galileo used the telescope to confirm the heliocentric model.
What two gases make up most of the Sun?
Hydrogen and helium
Put these in order from smallest to largest: solar system, star, universe, galaxy.
Star →Solar system → Galaxy → Universe
Explain one major difference between the geocentric and heliocentric models.
Geocentric: Earth is at the center.
Heliocentric: The Sun is at the center of the solar system.
What is an AU, and what is it used to measure?
An Astronomical Unit (AU) is the average distance between Earth and the Sun. It is used to describe distances within our solar system.
Which scientist is famous for laws describing planetary motion?
Issac Newton
Where is Earth's solar system located in the Milky Way?
In the Orion Spur, between the center and outer edge
Explain how the expansion of the universe supports the Big Bang theory.
The Big Bang theory states that the universe began in an extremely hot, dense state and expanded. The continued expansion of the universe provides evidence supporting this idea.
Why was the heliocentric model controversial when it was introduced?
The heliocentric model challenged the long-held belief that Earth was the center of the universe and conflicted with some accepted ideas of the time.
Give Earth's cosmic address, starting with Earth and ending with the universe.
Earth → Solar System → Milky Way Galaxy → Universe
What is Mae Jemison best known for?
Becoming the first Black woman to travel into space
Which statement correctly compares the Sun and the outer planets?
A. The Sun and outer planets are all planets.
B. The Sun and outer planets are made entirely of the same materials.
C. The Sun and gas giants contain large amounts of hydrogen and helium, but the Sun is a star and the others are planets.
D. The outer planets are larger than the Sun.
C. The Sun and gas giants contain large amounts of hydrogen and helium, but the Sun is a star and the others are planets.