Macronutrients and Energy
This macronutrient is the body’s preferred source of energy.
What is carbohydrates?
This system provides immediate energy using stored ATP and creatine phosphate.
What is the ATP-PC system?
This process combines the Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The ATP yield from anaerobic glycolysis.
What is 2-3 ATP?
The primary factor that determines which energy system is used.
What is the exercise intensity?
This macronutrient provides the highest ATP yield but takes the longest to process.
What is fat?
This anaerobic process breaks down glucose into pyruvate and produces 2-3 ATP.
What is glycolysis?
This pathway utilizes fatty acids for energy during prolonged low-intensity exercise.
What is beta-oxidation?
The ATP yield from one molecule of glucose in the aerobic system.
What is 30-32 ATP?
The energy system that is preferred when oxygen is readily available.
What is the aerobic system?
This macronutrient contributes the least to ATP production under normal conditions.
What is protein?
If oxygen is insufficient, pyruvate is converted into this byproduct.
What is lactate?
This energy system starts dominating after about 2 minutes of sustained activity.
What is the aerobic system?
The ATP yield from breaking down fats via beta-oxidation.
What is 30-32 ATP?
When glycogen stores are depleted, the body shifts to using this macronutrient early in exercise.
What is fat?
The stored form of carbohydrates in the body.
What is glycogen?
This anaerobic system dominates energy production for the first 30 seconds of intense exercise.
What is the ATP-PC system?
The primary site of aerobic metabolism within the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
The ATP yield from the ATP-PC system
What is 1 ATP per reaction?
The term for the body's ability to adapt and improve energy system efficiency with training.
What is metabolic flexibility?
This macronutrient is used for energy only in extreme cases like starvation.
What is protein?
This pathway is utilized in moderate intensity or short duration exercise of 30-90 seconds?
What is anaerobic glycolytic?
The reason why fat metabolism slower than carbohydrate metabolism.
What is the complex breakdown process requiring more oxygen?
The number of ATP molecules produced per glucose in the Krebs Cycle alone.
What is 2 ATP?
The two primary factors that determine whether the body uses aerobic or anaerobic metabolism.
What are exercise intensity and duration?