Lecture One
Lecture Two
Lecture Three
Lecture 4!
Miscellaneous!
100

Which of the following is written in the correct binomial nomenclature?

A. Salmonella Typhimurium
B. Salmonella typhimurium
C. Salmonella Typhimurium
D. Salmonella typhimurium

B. Salmonella typhimurium

Be sure to capitalize the genus, lowercase the species.
100

What does "Virulence" mean? Give an example of a highly virulent disease.

Virulence is a measure of the severity of an infectious disease.

Examples include Ebola and Marburg viruses

100

How does occupation affect someone's susceptibilty to disease?

Healthcare workers are exposed to all sorts of pathogens.

Agricultural workers are at risk for exposure to zoonotic diseases such as anthrax.

100

If a flagellum is rotating counterclockwise, is it propelling the cell forward or backward?

The cell will move forward!

100

What bacterium is responsible for the Black Death?

Yersinia pestis

200

How do viruses differ from other microorganisms?

- They are acellular, meaning they are not composed of cells.
- They can have a DNA or RNA genome (not both)
- They require the use of a host cell to multiply and survive.

200

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?

A sign is something that the person checking the patient can see/measure.

A symptom is something the patient can feel. 

200

What role do lysosomes have in destroying a phagocytosed pathogen?

Lysosomes fuse with a endosome/pagosome, then destroy (digest) the pathogen with its variety of hydrolytic enzymes.

Ultimately the digested contents of the lysosome are expelled from the cell 

200

What enzyme is responsible for the supercoiling of DNA?

DNA Gyrase

REMEMBER THIS FOR UNIT THREE!

200

When looking at a cell under a microscope you observe the following:

- This cell has a nucleus, golgi complex, and ER.
- It has a cell wall made of chitin

What kind of organism is this?

This is a fungi. Is it eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

300

How did Edward Jenner contribute to Microbiology?

He used scrapings of cowpox blisters to innoculate someone to see if they would be protected against the closely related but far deadlier smallpox. (It did) 

300

What are the 5 phases of infectious disease?

Incubation
Prodromal
Illness
Decline
Convalescence/Recovery

300

As you observe a bacterium, you note that it has a thin layer of peptidoglycan in its wall, as well as an outer membrane. Is this bacterium G- or G+?

This bacterium is Gram Negative!

300

Aquatic phototrophic microbes utilize these to help them stay buoyant and near the water's surface. 

Gas vesicles!

DAILY DOUBLE: What is a phototroph?

300

What is a contractile vacuole? 

An organelle found in free living eukaryotes that lack a wall. It prevents osmotic shock by removing excess water from the cytoplasm. 

400

What do archaea and bacteria have in common? What differences are there between the cell types?

Similarities:
Both are prokaryotic unicellular organisms.

Differences:
Cell walls are different
Archaea are found in very extreme environments

400

This refers to an infection transmitted from a healthcare worker to a patient

Iatrogenic infection.


DAILY DOUBLE!
What is a nosocomial infection?

400

Why is the bacterial cell wall such an attractive target for antibiotics?

Because our cells lack a cell wall, therefore they will be unharmed by antibiotics. 

400

Describe 3 things that ALL cell types have in common

Lots of things! 


- Cytoplasm
- DNA genome
- May be flagellated
- Have ribosomes!

400

What are three measures someone can take to prevent the spread of infection?

LOTS!

- Handwashing
- Use of proper PPE (goggles, apron, etc)
- Wipe down your bench after lab :)

500

Say you developed a strong passion for bread mold after taking this class... What field of microbiology would you end up studying?

Mycology! 

500

Contracting a disease via a fomite would be an example of vertical or horizontal transmission?

Horizontal! 

500

True or false: ALL bacteria have a cell wall

False! Can you name 2 that don't?


500

What is the difference between the rough and smooth ER?

Rough: Site of RNA translation by ribosomes

Smooth: Calcium storage, lipid/steroid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism

500

Characterize the 3 components of the cytoskeleton:

Microfilaments: involved in intracellular traffic
Intermediate filaments: fibrous proteins that help maintain the cell shape
Microtubules: Pull apart chromosomes during mitosis, form parts of cilia/flagella

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