Theory vs Law
What two factors increase how frequently the particles of gas bounce off the walls of their container?
What are three branches of science?
life science (biology), Earth science (geology), and physical science (physics/chemistry)
What are three types of scientific investigations?
Experiments, observations, and models
A chart that organizes numbers into rows and columns is called this.
What is a table?
A globe of Earth is an example of this type of model.
What is a physical model?
What are two theories that we learned about in class?
Accept any of the following: Cell theory, germ theory, the theory of evolution by natural selection, plate tectonics, wave theory
What term is defined as 'the study of the natural world through observation and investigation'?
Science!
What is the difference between a dependent variable and an independent variable?
An independent variable is the factor that you, the experimenter, purposely change or control to see its effect.
A dependent variable is the factor that you measure or observe in response to the change.
👉 Put simply:
Independent variable = cause (what you change).
Dependent variable = effect (what you measure).
Example:
If you are testing how sunlight affects plant growth:
Independent variable: amount of sunlight the plants get.
Dependent variable: how tall the plants grow.
Scientists use this type of graph when they want to show how one variable changes over time.
What is a line graph?
A set of equations that represent how a system works is this type of model.
What is a mathematical model?
What is Boyle's Law?
At a constant temperature, as the pressure on a gas increases, the volume decreases.
What are two ways that scientists obtain empirical evidence?
Scientists gather empirical evidence through field work and laboratory experiments.
What is the difference between repetition and replication of an investigation?
Repetition means doing the same investigation over and over again yourself to make sure your results are consistent.
Example: You run three trials of the same experiment to reduce error.
Replication means someone else repeats your investigation (using your methods) to see if they get the same results.
Example: Another scientist in a different lab follows your procedure to confirm your findings.
👉 In short:
Repetition = you repeat.
Replication = others repeat.
This system of measurement was developed so scientists everywhere could use the same units.
What is the SI system?
A computer program that simulates weather patterns is an example of this.
What is a simulation?
What theory explains Charles Law and Boyles Law?
Kinetic theory
What are two ways that scientific ideas change?
1. By new evidence
2. By collaboration and debate
What did Alexander Fleming discover?
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, the first widely used antibiotic.
The unit used to measure temperature in SI is this.
What is kelvin?
This is one reason scientists use models and simulations.
What is to study systems that are too large, small, or complex to observe directly?)
What is the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?
A scientific theory is an explanation supported by a large amount of evidence. A scientific law is a description of a specific relationship under given conditions of the natural world.
What is the difference between research in the field and in the laboratory?
In the laboratory, scientists do experiments and control conditions. Fieldwork is done outdoors where conditions cannot be controlled.
List the steps of the scientific method. There are 7. To receive credit for this question, you must list at least 4.
1. Asking well-defined questions
2. Forming a testable hypothesis
3. Planning an investigation
4. Identifying variables
5. Collecting and organizing data
6. Interpreting data and analyzing information
7. Drawing conclusions
This describes how close repeated measurements are to one another.
What is precision?
This type of model is based on ideas and concepts rather than objects or equations.
What is a conceptual model?