The Digestive Journey
This is the first of the four stages of the digestive process, when food enters the body.
What is ingestion?
The Nutrition Facts Panel uses this standardized reference to tell you how much of a nutrient is provided by one serving compared with the approximate daily goal.
What is % Daily Value (%DV)?
These two classes of nutrients are required in relatively small amounts and do not provide calories.
What are vitamins and minerals?
This organ produces bile, which helps break fat into smaller droplets during digestion.
What is the liver?
According to the slides, this federal agency oversees nutrition labeling and regulates nutrition and health claims on food labels.
What is the FDA?
This nutrient provides 4 kcal per gram and is one of the body's major sources of energy.
What is a carbohydrate?
These tiny fingerlike structures, along with their microscopic projections, dramatically increase the surface area of the small intestine for nutrient absorption.
What is villi and microvilli?
A food label says, “Good source of calcium.” This type of claim describes the level of a nutrient in the food.
What is a nutrient content claim?
For a 2,000-kcal diet, the AMDR for this macronutrient is 45–65% of total calories, equivalent to approximately 225–325 grams per day.
What are carbohydrates?
During digestion, the stomach uses strong muscular contractions to physically break down food while gastric acid and enzymes chemically digest it. The resulting semi-liquid mixture is called this.
What is chyme?
A food company advertises that its product “supports strong bones.” According to the chapter, this type of claim is different from a nutrient content claim and is evaluated by the FDA when authorized.
What is a health claim?
A student's diet provides 50% of calories from carbohydrate, 20% from protein, and 30% from fat. Based on the AMDRs presented in Chapter 1, this intake falls within the recommended ranges for all three macronutrients.
What is true?
An athlete has difficulty digesting and absorbing nutrients because the absorptive surface of the small intestine has been damaged. This condition specifically destroys these structures, reducing the surface area available for nutrient absorption.
What are villi?
You are comparing two snack foods. Snack A has more calories per gram and provides fewer nutrients for those calories. Snack B has fewer calories per gram and provides more nutrients. Based on the chapter, Snack B would be described as having this combination of characteristics.
What is lower energy density and higher nutrient density?
A nutrition researcher wants to determine whether a new nutrition intervention actually causes a change in health outcomes. Participants are randomly assigned to either receive the intervention or serve as a control group. This research design generally provides stronger evidence for cause and effect than an observational epidemiological study.
What is a randomized controlled trial (RCT)?