Carbs
Lipids
Proteins/Enzymes
Nucleic Acids
Chem/Water
100
The monomer for carbohydrates is...
Monosaccharide
100
The monomer for lipids is...
Fatty Acids
100
The monomer for proteins is...
Amino Acids
100
The monomer for Nucleic Acids is...
Nucleotides
100
Define Cohesion and Adhesion
Cohesion: the attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind
Adhesion: The clinging of one substance to another
200
What is the most common monosaccharide?
Glucose
200
Another name for lipids is....
Fats
200
The type of bond that binds amino acids together
peptide bond
200
Two examples of Nucleic Acids
R.N.A, and D.N.A
200
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
Elements are pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
Compouds are substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
300
What are the two storage polysaccharides?
Starch and Glycogen
300
A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings with various chemical groups
Steroid
300
Name the two secondary structures of proteins
alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
300
The three basic components of nucleotides are...
Nitrogenous base
Pentose Sugar
Phosphate Group
300
Describe the charges of oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule
Each of the Hydrogens have a slightly positive charge (Ꟙ+) and the Oxygen has a slightly negative charge (Ꟙ-).
400
What structural polysaccharide is found in plant cell walls?
Cellulose
400
A lipid made up of glycerol joined to two fatty acids and a phosphate group. Form bilayers that function as biological membranes.
Phospholipids
400
Enzymes lower the ______________ but do not alter the ______________ energy of the reactants and products
Enzymes lower the activation energy but do not alter the potential energy of the reactants and products
400
The nitrogenous bases found in DNA are__________ and the nitrogenous bases found in RNA are__________
The nitrogenous bases found in DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine and the nitrogenous bases found in RNA are Adenine, Guanine, Uracil and Cytosine.
400
The pH scale runs from ___ to ___ and the average pH of distilled water is ___
0 to 14; 7
500
Sucrose is an example of a...
Disaccharide
500
Saturated fatty acids have ____ double bonds and _____ bends, whereas Unsaturated fatty acids have ____ double bonds and _______ bends.
Saturated: 0 double bonds and no bends
Unsaturated: at least 1 double bond and 1 bend
500
The_______ binds to the ____________ to create the _________________ complex
The substrate binds to the active site to create the enzyme-substrate complex
500
Name the two purines and three pyrimidines.
Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil
500
Covalent bonds ______ electrons and ionic bonds ______ electrons.
Covalent Bonds share electrons and ionic bonds transfer electrons