Ancient Greece
How did geography affect unity in ancient Greece?
Mountains led to isolated city-states
How did Roman engineering influence modern infrastructure?
Roads, aqueducts, and concrete
How were the Maya, Inca, and Aztec different in their government systems?
Maya had city-states; Inca had emperors; Aztecs had a central ruler
Why were rivers important to early civilizations?
They provided water, food, and trade routes
What is a “legacy”? Give an example from a civilization studied.
Something passed down (e.g., democracy from Greece)
What was the role of women in Athens?
Women had few rights and could not participate in politics
Describe the structure of the Roman Republic.
Consuls, Senate, and citizen assemblies
What role did religion play in Mesoamerican societies?
Religion was central; included sacrifices and temples
Compare the geography of Greece and Rome.
Greece is mountainous; Rome has fertile plains
What is a “secondary source”?
A document written after the event by someone not present
Why did Greeks establish colonies?
To gain farmland and trade opportunities
What was Pax Romana and why was it important?
A 200-year period of peace and prosperity in Rome
Why was the Inca road system important?
Helped with communication and control of the empire
Why did the Incas build roads through the Andes?
To connect their vast mountainous empire
Define “citizen” in the context of ancient civilizations.
A free male member of society with rights (in Greece and Rome)
What was the impact of the Persian Wars on Athens?
Athens gained power and wealth
Why did the Roman Empire split into two?
It was too large to govern effectively
What were the main accomplishments of the Aztecs?
Chinampas, temples, and a strong military
How did natural barriers help the Inca Empire?
Mountains protected them from invasion
What is a “city-state”?
A city that governs itself and surrounding land
What contributions to philosophy did Greece make that still influence us today?
Socratic method, logic, and ethics
How did Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire?
Through roads, trade, and missionaries
How did geography shape the development of Mesoamerican civilizations?
Dictated farming methods, city locations, and trade
How did trade routes influence the spread of culture in ancient civilizations?
They helped spread ideas, goods, and religions
Define “empire” and name one ancient empire we studied.
A large territory ruled by one leader; example: Roman Empire