River Valley Civilizations
Civilizations first developed near what kind of physical feature?
Deserts
Mountains
River Valleys
Forests
River Valleys
What was Hammurabi’s Code?
Religious songs
Tax list
Book of stories
Set of written laws
Set of written laws
The Indus River Valley is located in what modern countries?
China and Japan
India and Pakistan
Iraq and Iran
Egypt and Sudan
India and Pakistan
Why is the Nile River called the “Gift of the Nile”?
Fertile soil and life
Sacred animal
Filled with gold
Never flooded
Fertile soil and life
What river was known as “China’s Sorrow”?
Yangtze
Indus
Nile
Huang He (Yellow River)
Huang He (Yellow River)
Which two rivers were most important to Mesopotamia?
Nile and Euphrates
Euphrates and Tigris
Nile and Indus
Yellow and Yangtze
Euphrates and Tigris
Under Hammurabi’s Code, if a man broke another’s arm, what might happen?
Pay a fine
Be forgiven
His own arm could be broken
Go to school
His own arm could be broken
Who were the “untouchables”?
Warriors
Farmers
Dirty jobs like gravedigging
Priests
Dirty jobs like gravedigging
What was a pharaoh?
Farmer
Merchant
God-king ruler
Warrior slave
God-king ruler
Why was the Huang He River important?
Religious ceremonies
Fertile soil but deadly floods
Separated China and India
Dry year-round
Fertile soil but deadly floods
Why were river valleys ideal for farming and trade?
Strong armies
Cold climates
Deserts for protection
Fertile soil and easy transportation
Fertile soil and easy transportation
What was the main purpose of Hammurabi’s Code?
Order and control
Train soldiers
Spread religion
Collect taxes
Order and control
What was the caste system based on?
Birth and family status
Age
Job skills
Wealth alone
Birth and family status
Why were tombs filled with supplies?
Trade routes
Decoration
Life after death
Entertainment
Life after death
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
Tax law
Belief that rulers were chosen by gods and could lose power if they ruled poorly
Military plan
Festival
Belief that rulers were chosen by gods and could lose power if they ruled poorly
How did flooding differ in Mesopotamia and Egypt?
Mesopotamia = unpredictable; Egypt = predictable
Both were unpredictable
Egypt never flooded
Mesopotamia never flooded
Mesopotamia = unpredictable; Egypt = predictable
How were punishments different from today’s laws?
Used
More fair
Harsher and based on class juries
None
Harsher and based on class juries
How did the Aryan invasion change India?
Ended farming
Banned religion
Destroyed cities
Introduced caste system and Sanskrit
Introduced caste system and Sanskrit
What was a pharaoh’s spiritual body called?
Ka
Karma
Soul stone
Ra
Ka
How did geography affect early China?
Isolated by mountains and deserts
Easy access to Europe
Many coastal cities
Limited farming completely
Isolated by mountains and deserts
How did geography shape early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India?
Limited trade
Fertile soil and natural barriers
No travel
No diffusion
Fertile soil and natural barriers
Why is Hammurabi’s Code a major step in civilization?
Written laws and government responsibility
Banned trade
Created religion
Ended slavery
Written laws and government responsibility
How were India’s caste and Mesopotamia’s classes similar?
Equal rights
Divided by job and status
No leaders
Democratic
Divided by job and status
Why was religion important to Egyptian life?
Justified pharaoh’s power and laws
Focused on trade
Limited education
Encouraged nomadic life
Justified pharaoh’s power and laws
How were governments of Egypt and China similar?
Democracies
No religion
Rulers seen as chosen by gods (pharaohs and emperors)
Warrior rule only
Rulers seen as chosen by gods (pharaohs and emperors)