Types/Principals of Government
In this form of government, a single ruler holds absolute power, often inheriting their position by birthright through a royal lineage.
Monarchy
Who were the 5 Enlightenment Thinkers we learned about?
1. John Locke
2. Thomas Hobbes
3. Voltaire
4. Rousseau
5. Montesquieu
This original governing document served as the first national government of the United States but ultimately failed due to a weak central authority.
Articles of Confederation
This fundamental principle means that government power is restricted by law and not absolute.
Limited Government
In addition to federal law, residents in Wisconsin are governed by this state-level document.
The Wisconsin Constitution
Indirect: You are voting for representatives to make decisions at the Federal level for you.
Direct: You are making the decisions/ voting directly on policies.
Which thinkers influenced American democracy by proposing ideas about natural rights and legitimate government power.
John Locke and Montesquieu
Delegates gathered at this 1787 meeting in Philadelphia originally intending to revise the Articles of Confederation.
The Constitutional Convention or The Philadelphia Convention
This main feature of the Constitution divides government authority into three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.
Separation of Powers
The main purpose of the Bill of Rights is to protect these from government power.
Individual Liberties or fundamental Rights
How is Power distributed between a Theocracy and how is that different then Plutocracy?
Power is distributed through religion in a Theocracy. Where in a Plutocracy, people with immense wealth hold the power.
According to Enlightenment philosophy, people give up some freedoms to the government in exchange for protection of their rights, an agreement known as this.
The New Jersey Plan
- The Virginia Plan
- Proportional Representation
- Equal Representation
Small States: The New Jersey Plan and Equal Representation
Large States: The Virginia Plan and Proportional Representation
This system ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful by giving each branch tools to restrain the others.
Checks and Balances
What were the two eras of the court did we learn about?
_________ Court
_________ Court
Marshall Court and Warren Court
What is Popular Sovereignty and what is a real life connection?
Authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the ultimate source of all political legitimacy.
Natural rights frequently highlighted in Enlightenment political philosophy, traditionally include life, liberty, and this third element.
Pursuit of Happiness
Anti-Federalists refused to support ratifying the U.S. Constitution without the promise of adding this critical addition.
The Bill of Rights
This principle divides political power between the national government and state governments.
Federalism
Which Amendment was violated in Brown v Board of Education and why?
14th Amendment says states cannot deny any person equal protection under the law. The Court stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal".
Which Principal of Government is this?
If the national government tries to ban all states from using plastic water bottles, but the Supreme Court cancels the law because Congress overstepped its constitutional boundaries, it is enforcing this principle.
Limited Government
The Declaration of Independence argues that government gets its legitimate power from this source.
What is the consent of the governed?
These two political groups emerged during the ratification debates, arguing over whether the central government would be too powerful under the proposed Constitution.
Anti Federalists and Federalists
The opening phrase of the Constitution, "We the People," best illustrates this core principle that ultimate political authority rests with the citizenry.
Popular Sovereignty
This specific amendment guarantees individual freedoms such as speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
The First Ammendment