Layers of the Earth
The first layer of the Earth and the thinnest
What is the Crust?
A small steep-sided cone shape that form from ejected volcano fragments.
What is a Cinder Cone Volcano?
An iconic and symmetrical stratovolcano that is a cultural and spiritual symbol for Japan.
What is Mount Fuji?
The Ring of Fire is home to approximately 75% of the world's active volcanoes, a continuous chain of at least 450 active and dormant volcanoes.
What is an Abundance of Volcanoes?
A mountain or hill formed by the eruption of molten rock, ash, and gases from beneath the Earth's surface
What is a Volcano?
The second layer composed of hot semi-solid rock that slowly flows
What is the Mantle?
A large, broad, and gently sloping volcano formed from layers of fluid lava flows.
What is a Shield Volcano?
Known as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world and famous for destroying Pompeii in 79 AD
What is Mount Vesuvius?
About 90% of the world's earthquakes, including most of the world's most powerful ones, occur along this belt due to the immense stress and movement of tectonic plates.
What are Frequent Earthquakes?
The shaking of the Earth's surface that occurs when there is a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust
What is an Earthquake?
The third layer of the Earth and a liquid layer of molten iron.
What is the Outer Core?
A tall, conical volcano with steep sides, built from alternating layers of hardened lava, ash, and rock.
Infamous for its massive 1883 eruption, which was one of the loudest sounds in history and caused global tsunamis.
What is Krakatoa?
The region is the meeting point of numerous major and minor tectonic plates (such as the Pacific, North American, and Eurasian plates), and their constant interaction is the fundamental cause of the seismic activity.
What are Tectonic Plate Boundaries?
A series of waves generated by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean.
What is a Tsunami?
The fourth layer of the Earth and the super-solid hot center composed mostly of iron and nickel.
What is the Inner Core?
A mountain or hill formed by the eruption of molten rock, ash, and gases from beneath the Earth's surface
What is a Volcano?
Famous for its catastrophic 1980 eruption, which included the most devastating landslide in recorded history.
What is Mount Saint Helens?
Much of the geological activity is driven by subduction zones, where one tectonic plate is forced beneath another. This process melts rock into magma, which rises to the surface to form volcanoes, and the friction causes earthquakes.
What are Subduction Zones?
A large, slow-moving mass of compressed ice, snow, rock, and sediment that forms on land and flows downhill due to its own weight and gravity
What is a Glacier?
The tough solid part of the Earth's surface which includethe brittle top layer of the mantle and crust.
What is the Lithosphere?
A rounded, mound-like structure formed from the slow extrusion of highly viscous, silica-rich lava that is too thick to flow far.
What is a Lava Dome Volcano?
Recognized as the largest active volcano on Earth.
The bending of the Earth's crust at subduction zones creates extremely deep linear features in the ocean floor, known as oceanic trenches, including the Mariana Trench, the deepest point in the world's oceans.
What are Deep Ocean Trenches?
A rare type of hot spring that periodically erupts, shooting a column of hot water and steam into the air
What is a Geyser?