Big Buissnes and Labor
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
Andrew Carnegie was a big monopolist in the steel industry (Carnegie Steel Company)
Why did so many immigrants move to the united states in the 19th and 20th century?
promise of a better life. Some of these immigrants sought to escape difficult conditions—such as famine, land shortages, or religious or political persecution.
why was it important to expand public education?
Although most states had established public schools by the Civil War, many school-age children still received no formal schooling. The majority of students who went to school left within four years, and few went to high school.
list 3 voting regulations in the 1800's
- Africans Americans weren't allowed to vote
- women weren't allowed to vote
- have to be literate
- the poll tax
- Grandfather clause
What are the four goals of progressivism?
• protecting social welfare
• promoting moral improvement
• creating economic reform
• fostering efficiency
list 3 Buissness stratagies used durring the industrialization
- making better products more cheaply
- New machinery
- buying out suppliers
- chemical manufacturing
- increasing use of water power
Describe life for immagrants in the united states.
Many immigrants were able to get low paying jobs many working on railroads, getting payed pennys and fighting everyday in hoped for a bright future for their chidren.
what was school like for children in the 1800's?
states passed laws requiring 12 to 16 weeks annually of school attendance by students between the ages of 8 and 14. The curriculum emphasized reading, writing, and arithmetic. However, the emphasis on rote memorization and the uneven quality of teachers drew criticism. Strict rules and physical punishment made many students miserable.
Explain the Jim Crow laws
A set of segregation laws passed by the south, african American's lost voting rights, separated black people from white people in both public and private.
What was women's work like durring progressivism?
farm women: In addition to household tasks such as cooking, making clothes, and laundering, farm women handled a host of other chores such as raising livestock. Often the women had to help plow and plant the fields and harvest the crops
women in industry: One out of five American women held jobs; 25 percent of them worked in manufacturing. Women also began to fill new jobs in offices, stores, and classrooms. These jobs required a high school education, and by 1890, women high school graduates outnumbered men.
what book did Chales Darwin write and what was it about?
1.On the Origin of Species
2.Darwin described his observations that some individuals of a species flourish
and pass their traits along to the next generation, while others do not.
What are some of the restriction immigrants faced?
- favoritism toward native-born Americans
- segregation
- Asian Excusion act
- Gentleman's agreement
- required litterary test for immergants
Describe what childcare looked like in the 1800's?
Children began attending school at a younger age. Kindergartens, which had been created outside the public school system to offer childcare for employed mothers this became increasingly popular. The number of kindergartens surged from 200 in 1880 3,000 in 1900.
What was daily life like for African American's?
African Americans faced not only formal discrimination but also informal rules and customs, called racial etiquette, that regulated relationships between white people and black people. Usually, these customs belittled and humiliated African Americans, enforcing their second-class status.
summarize Roosevelt's career
Theodore Roosevelt was born into a wealthy New York family in 1858. At an early age, the ambitious Roosevelt became a leader in New York politics. After serving three terms in the New York State Assembly, he became New York City’s police commissioner and then assistant secretary of the U.S. Navy. He became the youngest president ever at 42 years old. Roosevelt acted boldly, using his personality and popularity to advance his programs.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act? Why did how did this effect buissnes owners?
1. The Sherman Antitrust Act made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between states or with other countries.
2. Prosecuting companies under the Sherman act was not easy, if firms such as Standard Oil felt pressure from the government, they simply reorganized into single corporations.
Eventually, the government stopped trying to enforce the Sherman act.
Explain the Gentleman's Agreement.
the Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907–1908, Japan’s government agreed to limit emigration of unskilled workers to the United States in exchange for the repeal of the SanFrancisco segregation order.
describe education for immagrents.
Unlike African Americans, immigrants were encouraged to go to school. Most immigrants sent their children to America’s free public schools, where they quickly became “Americanized.” Some people resented the suppression of their native languages in favor of English. Catholics were especially concerned because many public school systems had mandatory readings from the (Protestant) King James Version of the Bible.
What was life like for non african american imegrants?
Native Americans still lived in the Western territories claimed by the United States. Asian immigrants went to America’s Pacific Coast in search of wealth and work. Mexicans continued to inhabit the American Southwest. African Americans were also present, especially in former slave-holding areas, such as Texas. Still, racial tensions often made life difficult
How did progressivism change after Taft was elected?
Taft wanted to consolidate rather than to expand Roosevelt’s reforms. He received little credit for his accomplishments, however. His legal victories, such as busting 90 trusts in a four-year term, did not bolster his popularity.
List 7 harmfull work place practaces that took place durring the industrialization?
- long hours
- little pay
- dangerous machinery
-locked doors
- no one cared if you got hurt
- poorly vented factories
- faulty equipment
- child labor
- sweat shops
- pumping pollution into the atmosphere
Describe why nativism made life dificult.
Nativism gave rise to anti-immigrant groups and led to a demand for immigration restrictions.
Nativists sometimes objected more to immigrants’ religious beliefs than to their ethnic backgrounds. Many native-born Americans were Protestants and thought that Roman Catholic and Jewish immigrants would undermine the democratic institutions established by the country’s Protestant founders.
How did secondry schooling change in the mid 1800's?
Between 1880 and 1920, college enrollments more than quadrupled. And colleges instituted major changes in curricula and admission policies. The research university emerged—offering courses in modern languages, the physical sciences, and the new disciplines of psychology and sociology Professional schools in law and medicine were established. Private colleges and universities required entrance exams, but some state universities began.
What was discrimination like in the south
Western communities were home to people of many backgrounds working and living side by side. Native Americans still lived in the Western territories claimed by the United States. Asian immigrants went to America’s Pacific Coast in search of wealth and work. Mexicans continued to inhabit the American Southwest. African Americans were also present, especially in former slave-holding areas, such as Texas. Still, racial tensions often made life difficult.
in 1910 women got the right to vote, what was the figting prosses women led in order to gin this right?
Two Massachusetts organizations, the Boston Equal Suffrage Association for Good Government and the College Equal Suffrage League, used door-to-door campaigns to reach potential supporters. Members also took trolley tours where, at each stop, crowds would gather to watch the unusual sight of a woman speaking in public. They did protests and rallys, sacrificing their lives.